不同种肥料对虾池浮游植物群落的影响

在海水池塘围隔生态系中实验研究了施粪肥（鸡粪）、化肥和这两种的混合肥对浮游植物群落构成、生物量、初级生产力和种类多样性的效应．结果表明：施粪肥围隔蓝藻占优势，生物量的动态主要取决于蓝藻的变动；施化肥围隔硅藻和甲藻为优势类群，群落组成的动态主要表现为这两类植物的变动；施混合肥围隔在生物量和优势类群动态方面都表现为两种肥料协同效应的结果．群落的初级生产力与水体氮磷总量正相关．施混合肥围隔中的初级生产力和多样性指数最高，以此为指标评价肥料效果．认为混合施肥优于单施1种粪肥或化肥．

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZERS ON PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY IN A SHRIMP POND

It was studied that the effects of chicken manure,chemical fertilizer and their combination applied in the enclosure ecosystems of a shrimp pond on community composition, biomass, primary production and species diversity of phytoplanktons from June to September, 1995. The results showed that in the enclosure applied with manure, Cyanophyta was dominant and biomass production depended mainly on the variations of cyanophyta. In the enclosure with chemical firtilirer,Bacillariophyta and Pyrrophyta were dominant,and the dynamics of the community composition resulted from fluctuations of the two groups. The variations of biomass and compositions of the community showed combined results of two kinds of fertilizers in the enclosure with the combination of manure and chemical fertilizer. The primary production of the community related positively to total nitrogen and phosphorus in water column. The primary production and species diversity were the largest in the enclosure with the combination of fertilizers. According to the primary production and species diversity, it is better to apply the combined fertilizers than apply only one.