Comparative Analysis of New Zealand and US Approaches for Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution Management |
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Authors: | Brian S Caruso |
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Institution: | (1) Otago Regional Council, 70 Stafford St, Private Bag 1954, Dunedin, New Zealand , NZ |
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Abstract: | The role of the central government in New Zealand is generally limited to research and policy development, and regional councils
are responsible for most monitoring and management of the problem. The role of the federal government in the United States
includes research and monitoring, policy development, and regulation. States also have a significant management role. Both
countries rely on voluntary approaches for NPS pollution management. Very few national water quality standards exist in New
Zealand, whereas standards are widely used in the United States. Loading estimates and modeling are often used in the United
States, but not in New Zealand. A wide range of best management practices (BMPs) are used in the United States, including
buffer strips and constructed/engineered wetlands. Buffer strips and riparian management have been emphasized and used widely
in New Zealand.
Many approaches are common to both countries, but management of the problem has only been partly successful. The primary barriers
are the inadequacy of the voluntary approach and the lack of scientific tools that are useful to decision-makers. More work
needs to be performed on the evaluation of approaches developed in both countries that could be applied in the other countries.
In addition, more cooperation and information/technology transfer between the two countries should be encouraged in the future. |
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Keywords: | : Agriculture Nonpoint source pollution Water quality management New Zealand |
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