广东省区域地质背景下土壤表层重金属元素空间分布特征及其影响因子分析

研究目的旨在揭示区域地质背景下土壤表层重金属元素的空间分布特征,探讨其影响因子;同时构建广东省表层土壤重金属元素的基线浓度。对260个表层土壤样品的研究表明,7种重金属元素含量分布符合对数正态分布,在此基础上建立的上基线质量分数值分别为：Cu 28.7 mg.kg-1,Pb 57.6 mg.kg-1,Zn 77.8 mg.kg-1,Cd 0.13 mg.kg-1,Ni 23.5 mg.kg-1,Cr 87.0 mg.kg-1,Hg 0.15 mg.kg-1。主因子分析结果可以满意的描述土壤重金属元素约80%的总体变异特征,并且得出：区域母岩的分布和成土作用是影响重金属元素空间分布和变异的主要因素;人类活动的影响以珠三角地区的Pb和Hg元素最为突出。此外,7种重金属质量分数克里格图展示了高质量分数的重金属元素的空间分布与区域断裂,盆地具有很好的空间相关性。区域断裂、盆地和珠三角地区的土壤重金属几何平均含量分别为普通地区的如下倍数：Cu 2.1~3.1倍,Pb 2.5~3.6倍,Zn 2.0~2.2倍,Cd 2.2~2.9倍,Ni 1.5~1.9倍,Cr 1.1~1.5倍,Hg 1.4~2.2倍。研究结果可以作为评价广东省土壤重金属污染和建立合适的修复标准的科学参考。

Spatial distributions and controlled factors of heavy metals in surface soils in Guangdong based on the regional geology

A total of 260 surface soil samples were collected to investigate the spatial distribution of trace metals in Guangdong province.The results show that the upper baseline concentrations of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Ni,Cr,and Hg were 28.7,57.6,77.8,0.13,23.5,87.0,and 0.15 mg·kg？1,respectively.Three principle factors satisfactorily described about 80% of the total concentration variation of trace metals Regional parent materials and pedogenesis are the primary factors influencing the concentrations of trace metals,and various anthropogenic activities are the second most important factors.The spatial distribution of trace metals is correlated to the geological characters with high concentrations of trace metals always located in regional fault areas,basins,and the Pearl River Delta alluvial plain and to the low concentrations associated with the other areas in Guangdong province.