采用DNA条形码技术对厦门海域鱼卵、仔稚鱼种类的鉴定

以厦门海域采集到的鱼卵、仔稚鱼为研究对象.首先根据形态学特征将其分为2种类型鱼卵和3种类型仔稚鱼,然后应用DNA条形码技术分析鉴定得到3个鱼卵种类和4个仔稚鱼种类.其中,6种鉴定到种的水平,分别为汉氏棱鳀(Thryssa hamiltonii)鱼卵、颈带鲾(Nuchequula nuchalis)鱼卵、纹缟鰕虎鱼(Tridentiger trigonocephalus)仔鱼、髭缟鰕虎鱼(Tridentiger barbatus)仔鱼、斑鰶(Konosirus punctatus)仔鱼和鲬(Platycephalus indicus)稚鱼;1种鉴定到属,即双边鱼属(Ambassis sp.)鱼卵.研究结果表明,将鱼卵、仔稚鱼鉴定到种的水平,绝大多数都需要借助于形态学之外的手段,尤其是形态特征表现相近的鱼卵.而DNA条形码技术采用自动化和标准化应用系统,能有效地对形态特征相似的鱼卵、仔稚鱼进行种类鉴定,具有准确性高、重复性好、人为误差少等优点,已成为传统形态学物种鉴定的强有力补充,在鱼类生物多样性研究中具有广阔的应用前景.

Identification of several fish eggs and larvae by DNA barcoding in Xiamen Water

This research focus on identification of fish eggs and larvae collected in Xiamen waters. The samples were distinguished to 2 types of fish eggs and 3 types of fish larvae by morphological characters and were identified as 3 species fish eggs and 4 species fish larvae by DNA barcoding technology. In which, there were six species and one genus were identified, including Thryssa kammalensis egg, Nuchequula nuchalis egg, Tridentiger trigonocephalus larva, Tridentiger barbatus larva, Konosirus punctatus larva, Platycephalus indicus larva and Ambassis sp. egg. The results showed that molecular technology was necessary in identification of fish eggs and larvae to species, especially those species without enough morphological characters. By using automation and standardization system, DNA barcoding technology can identify the species of fish eggs and larvae effectively. This technology with the advantages of high reliability, excellent repetition and less error is a powerful complement for traditional identification by morphology and has wide application prospects in the study of ichthyoplankton diversity.