公元1600年秘鲁Huaynaputina火山喷发与长江中下游地区的气候异常

公元1600年秘鲁Huaynaputina火山喷发是过去1 000年全球最大规模的火山喷发之一.考察了此次火山喷发在中国长江中下游地区的可能气候效应.经查阅中国历史文献,在<见闻杂记>、<袁宏道集>和明清地方志中发现了有价值的资料.此次火山喷发在长江中下游地区的气候效应可能表现得比较复杂.结合<见闻杂记>和明清地方志,发现1601年长江下游地区夏季降雪,异常寒冷;结合<袁宏道集>和明清地方志,发现1602年年初至春季长江中下游地区异常多雪和寒冷,这些气候异常与欧洲历史文献和北半球树轮序列等比较一致.另外,结合<见闻杂记>和明清地方志,还发现1601年秋季长江下游部分地区异常炎热.上述气候异常未必都能完全归因于Huaynaputina喷发,但Huaynaputina喷发应该是其中的一个重要原因.

THE AD 1600 HUAYNAPUTINA ERUPTION (PERU) AND CLIMATIC ANOMALIES IN THE MIDDLE AND LOWER REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

The Huaynaputina eruption (Peru) in AD 1600 is one of the greatest historical eruptions in the world during the past 1000 years.Here,the possible climatic impact of the AD 1600 Huaynaputina eruption in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is investigated utilizing Chinese historical sources. Valuable relevant records are found in the Notes on Experiences (Jianwen Zaji),Collected Works of Hong- dao Yuan and the local chronicles of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It is shown that the climatic impact in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River should be complicated.According to the records in the notes on experiences and the local chronicles of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,it snowed and was abnormal- ly cold in the summer of AD 1601 in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River.According to the records in the Collected Works of Hongdao Yuan and the local chronicles of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,it snowed abnormally heavily and was also abnormally cold in the beginning of AD 1602 and spring of the year in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River.These climatic anomalies agree with the records in Euro- pean historical sources and tree ring chronologies in the northern hemisphere.In addition,it was abnormally hot in the autumn of AD 1601 according to the records in the Notes on Experiences and the local chronicles of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Not all of the climatic anomalies can be attributed to the Huaynaputina eruption,but the Huaynaputina eruption should be a major cause.