火山(火山岩)旅游资源论评

火山是惊天动地的自然景象，具有神秘感，对人们有极强的吸引力。它是地球演化过程中突变性的片断，有着重要的科学价值。世界上许多国家将火山列为国家公园，以它独特的自然景象和地质生态环境作为现代和未来的游憩、科研、启智之场所。面对火山遗迹，人们会产生种种遐想和启迪。火山（岩）旅游资源十分丰富，可分为六大类（１）火山喷发景观／对火山特有的不同于其它地质作用形成的地貌景观；（３）火山喷溢的熔岩或火山爆发的火山碎屑岩在流动、定位、冷却后遗留的奇特的景观；（４）特定的火山岩在特殊的地学条件下形成的奇特自然景观；（５）与火山（火山岩）有关的其它自然景观；（６）火山（岩）自然景观内的历史与文化。本文提出如何评价火山（岩）旅游资源的四个大目标与四个大准则，对当前我国已开辟的风景旅游区作了概述与评论。最后，本文对我国火山（岩）旅游风景区的发展提出了四个建议：（１）目标的确定和规划均有赖于旅游地学的研究；（２）生态环境的保护是个关键的问题；（３）筛选出可作为申报世界自然遗产的地区作好前期研究；（４）如何提高科学品位，开辟科学展示厅，起到国家级风景名胜区应有的科学教育功能。

A REVIEW OF VOLCANO (VOLCANIC ROCK)TOURISM RESOURCES

Volcanism is a kind of earthshaking, mystic and attractive natural event. As an abrupt episode during the Earth's evolution, it has important scientific value. Many countries preserve volcanoes to be national parks. Volcano(volcanic rock)tourism resources can be subdivided into 6 categories i. e. (1) Landscape of volcanic eruption: (2) Especial volcanic landform different from other geological ones; (3) Landscape of lava flow or pyroclastic rock flow; (4) Peculiar natural landscape formed by certain volcanic rocks under specific geological condition; (5) Other natural landscape related to volcano(volcanic rock). This paper proposes 4 aims and 4 criteria for evaluating volcano (volcanic rock) tourism resources; outline in broad and comments scenic spots and tourism districts in China and finally advances 4 suggestions for their developments: (1)The definition of aim and programme all depends on study of tourism earthscience; (2)Ecologic-environmental protection is a key problem; (3)Selected region to apply for the world natural heritage must make earlier study beforehand; (4)Enhance scientific grade, build scientific exhibition hall, and exert deserved function for propagating science.