基于水足迹的流域生态补偿标准模型研究

流域水资源是一种公共物品,其系统的整体性以及资源外部性等特征要求各相关区域应共同承担环境保护.如何衡量各区域水资源开发利用与环保投入的关系,建立合理的生态补偿标准模型,已成为流域管理研究领域普遍关注的问题.本文运用水足迹理论和方法,界定流域水足迹内涵,通过反映流域沿岸各区域水生态服务耗费情况判断分析水生态系统安全状态,提出流域生态补偿标准计量流程及不同情况下的流域生态补偿标准测算模型,从而客观、准确地量化流域生态补偿额度,为管理者正确分析和解决流域各区域间利益冲突提供科学的决策依据与支持.同时本文以碧流河为案例,收集并分析了2002-2006年间碧流河沿岸各行政区水足迹和环保投入情况,理清各区域生态系统状态及相互关系,计算补偿标准,进而验证模型的可行性.

A Water Footprint Based Model on River Basin Eco-Compensation

Water resource is a public goods, with a broad ecological impact to the local ecosystem. Its systematic feature and externality require a close collaboration among all the stakeholders. In this regard, how to evaluate the relationship between the use of water resource and the investment on environmental protection, as well as to establish a reasonable model on ecological compensation has become an imperative issue. Based upon water footprint theory, this study aims to calculate river basin water footprint, reflecting the real water resource consumption in different regions and judging the water ecological security. Meanwhile this study establishes a new model on river basin's eco-compensan'on in order to reveal the real contribution of ecological service provided by different ecosystems and decide the quantitative standard on such compensation. The results can help water resource manager analyze and solve the conflicts among different regions by providing scientific decision support. In order to test its feasibility and applicability, a case study approach on Biliu River basin is employed, analyzing water footprint and investment on environmental protection within the Biliu river basin from the period 2002 to 2006.