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Changes in maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels associated with intrauterine genetic diagnostic procedures
Authors:Gary F Simpson  Nian-Hu Sun  Dr Mitchell S Golbus
Institution:Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, and of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Capital Hospital, Beijing, Peoples Republic of China

Abstract:The amount of fetal—maternal transfusion during invasive intrauterine diagnostic instrumentation was determined by measuring the increase in maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (Δ AFP) caused by the procedure. Fetal liver biopsy or fetoscopy for purposes other than blood sampling caused a mean Δ AFP of 11.4 ng/ml and 34.2 ng/ml, respectively. Fetoscopy with fetal blood sampling produced a mean Δ AFP of 211.8 ng/ml, while fetoscopy followed by placentesis caused a mean Δ AFP of 462.8 ng/ml (representing a 1.07 ml fetal—maternal transfusion). Although this magnitude of fetal—maternal transfusion is an acceptable risk for the fetus, it is a sufficient transfusion to cause blood cell antigen sensitization.
Keywords:Alpha-fetoprotein  Fetal—maternal transfusion  Intrauterine manipulation  Fetoscopy  Fetal blood sampling
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