内蒙古主要农作物秸秆燃烧释放烟气污染物研究

为了解内蒙古自治区农作物秸秆露天焚烧烟气污染物排放情况，运用自主设计的生物质燃烧系统，以内蒙古地区典型农作物（葵花和玉米）秸秆作为研究对象进行室内模拟燃烧试验，通过比较不同地区秸秆燃烧释放CO、CO₂、NO_x、C_xH_y和PM_2.5之间的差异，进行排放特性研究。结果表明：葵花秸秆CO、CO₂、NO_x、C_xH_y和PM_2.5的排放因子分别为（344.71±66.36）、（1 147.73±229.01）、（3.20±0.62）、（138.48±28.22）和（0.97±0.20）g/kg，玉米秸秆的排放因子分别为（319.69±52.27）、（1 178.75±149.00）、（1.29±0.04）、（57.83±9.45）和（1.44±0.17）g/kg；不同地区农作物秸秆在明燃和阴燃条件下PM_2.5排放因子分别为（0.23±0.11）～（3.26±0.16）和（0.53±0.35）～（2.91±1.69） g/kg，CO排放因子分别为（162.66±15.94）～（381.65±81.74）和（235.29±34.43）～（569.80±165.72）g/kg，CO₂排放因子分别为（1 094.96±182.04）～（1 866.22±377.83）和（725.10±107.71）～（1 409.43±82.32） g/kg，除CO₂排放因子表现为明燃大于阴燃外，其他污染物排放因子均表现为阴燃大于明燃。

Study on flue gas pollutants from burning of main crop straws in Inner Mongolia

In order to understand the emission of flue gas pollutants from open burning of crop straws in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, a self-designed biomass combustion system was used and typical crop (sunflower and corn) straws in Inner Mongolia were taken as the research objects to conduct indoor simulated combustion experiment. The emission characteristics of straw burning were studied by comparing the differences of emission factors of CO, CO2, NOx, CxHy and PM2.5 in different areas. The results showed that the emission factors of CO, CO2, NOx, CxHy and PM2.5 of sunflower straw were (344.71±66.36), (1 147.73±229.01), (3.20±0.62), (138.48±28.22) and (0.97±0.20) g/kg, respectively, and the emission factors of CO, CO2, NOx, CxHy and PM2.5 of corn straw were (319.69±52.27), (1 178.75±149.00), (1.29±0.04), (57.83±9.45) and (1.44±0.17) g/kg, respectively. The emission factors of PM2.5 of crop straws in different areas were (0.23±0.11) - (3.26±0.16) and (0.53±0.35) - (2.91±1.69) g/kg in flaming and smoldering, respectively; the emission factors of CO were (162.66±15.94) - (381.65±81.74) and (235.29±34.43) - (569.80±165.72) g/kg in flaming and smoldering, respectively; the emission factors of CO2 were (1 094.96±182.04) - (1 866.22±377.83) and (725.10±107.71) - (1 409.43±82.32) g/kg in flaming and smoldering, respectively. The emission factor of CO2 was higher in flaming than that of smoldering, and the emission factors of CO, NOx, CxHy and PM2.5 were higher in smoldering than those in flaming.