城市市政排水管网污染物溯源技术研究进展

城市市政排水管网污染源种类繁多且难以辨析，在未明确污染源前提下进行污染控制通常会因缺乏针对性而导致效果不佳，目前尚缺乏对已有管网污染物溯源技术的系统梳理，难以快速准确根据污染场景确定相应的溯源技术。系统综述了现有城市市政排水管网污染物溯源技术，包括物理排查法、特征因子法和水纹识别法等，阐明了各种典型技术方法的原理及在管网污染物溯源研究中的应用现状，比较了各溯源技术的优劣性及其应用场景，最后对管网溯源技术的未来研究方向进行了展望。针对排水管网内污染源错位问题，可在对管网物理排查的基础上，耦合使用数值模拟法、水纹识别法及特征因子法，确定目标溯源管段、可能排放行业以及具体排水户等，再结合稳定同位素法，厘清污染物的产生、输送及排放特性。本研究旨在为高效识别污染源位置、源强及排放过程提供基础支撑。

Recent advances in pollution source identification technologies in municipal drainage pipe networks

The pollution sources in municipal drainage pipe networks are usually diversified. It is of great difficulty to distinguish the various pollution sources. Generally, if the pollution sources are not well identified, the pertinence of pollution control might be impaired. Therefore, it is likely that the mitigation effects will not be satisfactory. Up to now, there still lacks a systematical overview with a focus on the present pollution source identification technologies in municipal drainage pipe networks, which might make it difficult to determine the corresponding traceability technologies according to the pollution scenes quickly and accurately. The existing pollution source identification technologies in municipal drainage pipe networks were systematically reviewed, including the physical investigation, marker species, and water fingerprinting methods, etc. The principles and application status of each typical pollution traceability technology for pipe networks are well illustrated. In addition, the pros and cons of each technology and its application scenarios were compared. At last, the future research orientation of pollution identification technologies in pipe networks was prospected. Aiming at the dislocation of pollution sources in the drainage pipe networks, it was required to apply physical investigation primarily, and then to couple the numerical simulation, water fingerprinting, and marker species methods. Therefore, the target pipe sections, possible discharge industries, and specific drainage entities could be determined. The production, transportation, and discharge characteristics of pollutants could be further clarified using the stable isotope method. This study could provide fundamental support for the efficient identification of the location, intensity, and discharge process of the pollution sources.