Thermal instability and runaway criteria: The dangers of disregarding dynamics |
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| Authors: | Rowena Ball Brian F Gray |
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| Institution: | 1. Mathematical Sciences Institute, The Australian National University, Canberrra, ACT 0200, Australia;2. School of Mathematics and Statistics F07, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Civile, Ambientale e dei Materiali, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy;1. Normandie Université LSPC-Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques (LSPC), EA4704, INSA/Université Rouen, 685 Avenue de l’université, BP 08, 76801 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France;2. Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo/Turku, Finland;1. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China;2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, Nanjing, 211800, Jiangsu, China;3. Center for Process Safety and Industrial Disaster Prevention, School of Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, 123, University Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, 64002, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC;1. Università degli Studi dell''Insubria, Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, via G.B. Vico 46, 21100 Varese, Italy;2. INNOVHUB, Divisione Stazione Sperimentale per i Combustibili, viale A. De Gasperi 3, 20097 S. Donato M.se, Italy;3. Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Two exemplary exothermic processes, synthesis of nitroglycerine in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and synthesis of the explosive RDX in a CSTR, are used to demonstrate the dangers of ignoring the system dynamics when defining criteria for thermal criticality or runaway. Stability analyses are necessary to prescribe such criteria, and for these systems prove the presence of dangerous oscillatory thermal instability which cannot be detected using the steady state thermal balances. |
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