美国内陆核电取水量与水资源保障条件浅析

随着我国核电建设步伐加快，核电规划由滨海逐步向内陆延伸，且主要分布在长江流域，加强与完善核电水资源管理体系势在必行。以美国内陆核电站为研究对象，针对核电建设对水资源量的需求，分别对内陆核电站历史取水量情况和电站冷却水水源地水资源保障条件两个方面进行了探讨。数据计算结果显示内陆核电站在施工建设期的取水量较小，正常运行期的取水量主要与核电机组冷却方式有关，直流冷却方式取水量远大于循环冷却方式，且三代核电技术与二代相差不大；另一方面，美国内陆核电站冷却水水源地的水文特征计算结果对我国的内陆核电选址建设和低放废液储存罐容量设计可以起到参考作用

ANALYSIS OF WATER WITHDRAWAL AND WATER RESOURCES GUARANTEE OF INLAND NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

Planning sites of new nuclear plants expand gradually from the coast to the inland areas,especially in the Yangtze River basin,while China speeds up the construction of nuclear energy,which makes it necessary to improve nuclear power water resources management.This paper takes the USA as the research reference,discusses the historical data of water withdrawal of inland nuclear power plants and water resources guarantee of cooling water source.The data calculation results reveals that it needs no much water withdrawal during the construction period,while during operation period the water quantity needed is related with the type of cooling system.The kind of one though requires much more water than the recycled ones,and the third generation is similar with the second ones.On the other hand,in this paper we calculated hydrologic characteristic values of water sources of American inland nuclear power plants,the results could provide some references for Chinese nuclear plant construction and the design of the storage tank capacity of low radioactive waste liquid