经济快速发展地区生态安全格局的构建——以安徽沿江地区为例

区域生态安全格局是实现区域可持续发展、促进生态系统与社会经济系统协调的基础保障。在经济快速发展地区,构建生态安全格局的目标首先是保护生态系统的稳定性,同时通过水平方向的有机链接,为经济的快速增长提供生态保障与环境支撑。以安徽省沿江地区为例,论文通过生态系统敏感性和生态服务功能重要性分析,确定生态保护的重点地区主要集中在皖南山区、西部山区一带、长江干流和巢湖等地区;通过经济发展潜力分析,确定合肥、马鞍山、芜湖、铜陵和安庆市的市区及滨江地带是主要的经济优先开发地区。以景观格局优化理论为指导,根据沿江地区的自然生态特征,构建了由3个生态源、7个生态廊道和众多的生态斑块、生态楔组成的生态安全空间格局。

Establishing the Ecological Security Pattern in Rapidly Developing Regions-A Case in the AYRAP

A region's ecological security pattern is the basis and guarantee of its sustainable development.In its establishment,we need to play an active role in controlling detrimental disturbance and exercising profitable disturbance,thus achieving coordination of the ecosystem and the socioeconomic system.In the rapidly developing regions,vigorous human activities bring great pressure to the ecosystem,and we need a harmonious ecological pattern,which can protect the stability of regional ecosystem and guarantee the regional sustainable development by horizontal linkage of the ecological space and the urban space.Taking the area along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province(the AYRAP)as an example,through an analysis of eco-sensitivity and ecological service importance,this article finds that the areas that need special ecological protection are the mountainous areas in the southern and western AYRAP,the mainstream of the Yangtze River and the wetland around Chao Lake.Through an analysis of the economic development potentiality,it also concludes that the regions taking priority in economic development are the urban areas of Hefei,Ma'anshan,Wuhu,Tongling,and Anqing,in the meantime,where the priority should be given to the economic development.In terms of the ecological features of the AYRAP,an ecological security pattern should be established,consisting of 3 ecological sources,7 ecological corridors and numerous ecological patches and wedges.The 3 ecological sources are the hilly land in western Anhui province,the hilly land in southern Anhui province and the lake district of central Anhui province,occupying an area of 22,000 km2,accounting for 35% of the total AYRAP.Six river(blue)ecological corridors should be constructed,consisting of major rivers and the greenbelts along them;1 road(green)ecological corridor should also be constructed,based on the greenbelts along the major roads.The 6 blue corridors are the Corridor of the Yangtze River,the Corridor of the Shuiyang River,the Corridor of the Qingyi River,the Corridor of the Qiupu River,the Corridor of the Wan River and the Corridor of the Yuxi River.The green corridor refers to the Hefei-Tongling-Huangshan Corridor.These corridors,about 50-100m in width,horizontally link the ecological sources and patches and the areas of intensive development of urban industries,forming a stabilized pattern of the ecological space and the urban space.