一个基于土地利用详查的中国土地资源利用区划新方案

文章简要总结了中国土地资源利用分区工作,进而提出了中国土地资源利用区划的原则、依据和指标体系,确立了中国土地资源利用区划体系与分级。在此基础上,基于《全国土地利用详查》的分县汇总数据,以分县为单元,把自上而下的定性分析和自下而上的定量归并两种区划途径相结合,在县域土地利用结构类型聚类分析的基础上,承继前人的相关工作,提出了一个由12个土地利用区和67个土地利用亚区构成的中国土地资源利用区划新方案,编制完成中国土地资源利用分区图。该方案首次划分出了东南沿海区和藏东南-横断山区两个土地利用区,与以往的方案相比有所创新和发展;土地利用亚区的划分则强调国土开发的重点地区和土地严重退化或生态脆弱地区,从而更具实用性。

Land use zoning scheme of China based on detailed land surveys

In the paper, combining historical review and status quo, the author summarizes the zoning work of land resource use in China, then sets up index system and establishes the zoning system and grading method for land resource utilization. On the above basis, a new zoning scheme for land resource utilization including 12 land utilization regions and 67 land utilization sub regions is put forward by clustering analysis in the light of land use structure at the county level. The 12 land use regions are the following:ⅠNortheast mountains/plains, woodland/dry farmland farming/forestry region;ⅡNorthern China plain, irrigated/dry farmland and residential/industrial land farming and construction region;ⅢLoess Plateau, dry farmland/grassland/woodland farming/husbandry/forestry region;ⅣMiddle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Plain paddy field/waters/and residential/indu strial land farming/fishery and construction region;ⅤSichuan Shannan basins, woodland/dry farmland/paddy field farming/forestry region; ⅥHilly and mountainous area south of the Yangtze River, woodland/paddy field forestry/farm ing region;ⅦYunnan Guizhou Plateau, woodland/shrubby/dry farmland forestry/farming region;ⅧSoutheast coastal areas, woodland/paddy field/garden and residential/industrial land farming/forestry/fishery and construction region;ⅨInner Mongolian Plateau, grassland/dry farmland husbandry region;ⅩNorthwestern arid lands, unused land/grassland/irrigated farmland husbandry and oasis farming region;ⅪQinghai Tibet Plateau, grassland/unused land husbandry region;ⅫSoutheast Tibet Hengduan Mountains, woodland/grassland forestry/husbandry regionIn the scheme, the Southeast Coastal Areas and the Southeast Tibet Hengduan Mountains were firstly zoned as two land use regions, and not only the important territorial development areas but also the eco environment fragile zones were emphasized on the division of land use sub region. It also provides scientific basis for effective protecting cultivated land, using land in a high efficient way, coordinating land use between industry and agriculture and avoiding blindness in land exploitation and land use.