受体报告基因实验及其在维甲酸和维甲酸X受体干扰物监测中的应用

受体报告基因实验具有快速、经济、灵敏、方便等诸多优势,在高通量筛选类或抗雌雄激素等通过核受体起作用的环境内分泌干扰物方面得到了广泛的应用。环境中的维甲酸和维甲酸X受体干扰物如有机锡等有着类似的作用机制,研究者也开始采用受体报告基因实验的方法对该类污染物进行筛选与监测。本文综述了受体报告基因实验的技术方法,包括报告基因和宿主细胞的选择,并介绍了该方法在人工合成的维甲酸和维甲酸X受体干扰物筛选以及环境样品中该类污染监测中的应用。综述总结了应用受体报告基因实验检测环境内分泌干扰物研究中的不足并对该方法的未来发展进行了展望,希望为该方法在环境监测和评估中的应用提供新的思路。

Receptor Reporter Gene Assay and Its Application in Monitoring of Chemicals with Antagonist or Agonist Effects to Retinoic Acid Receptors and Retinoid X Receptors

Receptor reporter gene assay has been widely applied in high-throughput screening of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals, on account of its advantages of rapid, economic, sensitive and convenient measurement. Some chemicals like organotin have shown antagonist or agonist effects to RAR (retinoic acid receptors) and/or RXR (retinoid X receptors), which make the usage of receptor reporter gene assay possible in this field. There are several reports about the screening and detection of these chemicals. Here, we reviewed the technology of receptor reporter gene assay, including the reporter gene and host cell selection, as well as its applications in screening and monitoring of chemicals with antagonist or agonist effect to RAR and/or RXR. The present review also discussed what should be done to improve the application of receptor reporter gene assay in order to provide some new insight in this field.