鄱阳湖水土环境及其水生维管束植物重金属污染

位于鄱阳湖流域乐安河中下游的德兴铜矿，是我国著名的大型铜业基地，是鄱阳湖流域重金属污染的主要来源之一。2003年7月至8月对鄱阳湖部分流域的水质、沉积物、底泥及水生维管束植物等样品的重金属污染进行了研究调查，采用原子吸收分光光度法分别对样品中的Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd等重金属含量进行了测定，并对测定结果进行了评价。研究结果表明，鄱阳湖流域水体中的重金属含量均达到地表水评价标准中的Ⅰ类标准，底泥、土壤等已受到了一定程度的重金属污染。而水生植物对重金属元素都具有不同程度的富集能力，植物对重金属的富集作用与土壤背景值有一定的相关性，土壤中重金属的背景值越高，植物对重金属的富集量也相应增加。

ASSESSMENT OF POLLUTION OF HEAVY METALS IN WATER SEDIMINTS AND AQUATIC PLANTS IN POYANG LAKE BASINS

The Le′an River is one of a number of rivers flowing into Poyang Lake. The Dexing Mineral Factory which located near the Le′an River is one of the largest mineral factories in our country and is the main pollutant source of heavy metals in the Le′an River and Poyang Lake . A survey on the contents of heavy metals in water,sediments and aquatic plants was conducted to evaluate the contamination of heavy metals. The heavy metals such as Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd and their compounds were determined.The results indicated that the water in the investigated areas was not contaminated by heavy metals，and the water quality meets to the first evaluation criterion of surface water. But the content of heavy metals of Cu、Pb、Zn in sediments and soils are relatively high.And different plants have different selective enrichment of heavy metals .The enrichment coefficient was correlated to the background of heavy metals in soils,the higher concentration of heavy metals in soils,the more enriched of heavy metals in aquatic plants.