湖泊微生物群落构建机制及研究展望

湖泊微生物生态过程研究是深入了解湖泊生态系统结构与功能的关键。论述了湖泊微生物多样性时空分布规律及群落构建机制研究进展,总结了微生物群落构建机制的分析方法,介绍了微生物生态网络构建原理及应用。群落构建机制分析方法分为统计分析法、模型推断法和生态网络分析法。统计分析法包括群落结构差异分析、群落结构-环境因子关联分析和方差分解分析等,此类方法能够初步识别驱动群落组成与结构时空差异的影响因子,判别空间因素与已知环境变量对群落构建过程的相对贡献;模型推断法包括中性群落模型方法和零模型方法等,能够进一步实现对群落构建生态过程的区分,量化和比较随机性因素及确定性因素的相对重要性;生态网络分析法可用于揭示物种共现模式,探究作为确定性因素的生物相互作用,也可用于物种-环境响应关系的研究,探究环境选择过程对群落结构的影响。

Advances in Assembly Mechanisms of Microbial Community in Lakes

The study of lake microbial ecological process is the key to understand the structure and function of lake ecosystem.Here,the spatial-temporal distribution and assembly mechanisms of microbial community in lakes was reviewed in this paper.The construction principle and application of microbial ecological network was introduced.The analysis methods of community assembly mechanism include statistical analysis,model extrapolation and ecological network analysis.Statistical analysis methods can be divided into three types,namely,community structure difference analysis,community structure environmental factor correlation analysis and variance partitioning analysis.Such methods can preliminarily identify the influencing factors driving the spatial and temporal differences of community composition and structure,and distinguish the relative contributions of spatial factors and known environmental variables to the community assembly process.The model extrapolation methods include neutral community model and null model,which can further distinguish,quantify and compare the relative importance of random factors and deterministic factors in the ecological process of community construction.Ecological network analysis can be used to reveal the patterns of species co-occurrence and explore biological interactions as deterministic factors,also can be used to study the species environment response relationship and explore the impact of environmental selection process on community structure.