Dynamic behavior of direct spring loaded pressure relief valves in gas service: Model development,measurements and instability mechanisms |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, Hungary;2. Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Queen''s Building Bristol, BS8 1TR, UK;3. Pentair Valves and Controls, 3950 Greenbriar Drive, Stafford, TX 77477, USA;1. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore;2. A*STAR''s Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology (SIMTech), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-04, Innovis, 13863, Singapore;1. Product Design and Simulation Division, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur 713209, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;1. UMR 5513 LTDS Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, F-69134 Ecully Cedex, France;2. PSA Peugeot Citroën, 18 rue des Fauvelles, F-92250 La Garenne-Colombes, France;1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, 116024, China;2. National Engineering Research Center for Special Pump and Valve, 9200-11, Beijing, 100076, China;1. Innomerics, Calle San Juan de la Cruz 2, 28223 Madrid, Spain;2. Iberdrola, Calle Tomás Redondo 1, 28033 Madrid, Spain;3. Alava Ingenieros, Calle Albasanz 16, 28037 Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | A synthesis of previous literature is used to derive a model of an in-service direct-spring pressure relief valve. The model couples low-order rigid body mechanics for the valve to one-dimensional gas dynamics within the pipe. Detailed laboratory experiments are also presented for three different commercially available values, for varying mass flow rates and length of inlet pipe. In each case, violent oscillation is found to occur beyond a critical pipe length, which may be triggered either on valve opening or closing. The test results compare favorably to the simulations using the model. In particular, the model reveals that the mechanism of instability is a Hopf bifurcation (flutter instability) involving the fundamental, quarter-wave pipe mode. Furthermore, the concept of the effective area of the valve as a function of valve lift is shown to be useful in explaining sudden jumps observed in the test data. It is argued that these instabilities are not alleviated by the 3% inlet line loss criterion that has recently been proposed as an industry standard. |
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| Keywords: | Pressure-relief valve Gas dynamics Instability Quarter-wave Hopf bifurcation Chatter |
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