Monitoring quantity and characteristics of municipal solid waste in Dhaka City |
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Authors: | Tariq Bin Yousuf Mostafizur Rahman |
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Institution: | (1) Waste Management Division, Dhaka City Corporation, 13th Floor, Nagar Bhaban, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh;(2) Department of Civil Engineering, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51, Siddeswari Road, Dhaka, 1217, Bangladesh |
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Abstract: | A reliable estimate of the quantity of solid waste generation in the city is very important for proper solid waste planning
and management. However, reported estimates of solid waste generation vary widely and lead to questionability. The reported
values have been derived on the assumption of demography, standard rate of waste generation by households, density values,
number of trucks engaged for waste transportation and monitoring of truck movement at dump sites, etc. This diverse nature
of the available data and the question of accuracy necessitate a rigorous study that has tried to document the waste quantity
in the recently formulated master plan of Dhaka City. The socio-economic parameters, behavioral characteristics, generation
sources, seasonality, and per capita growth rate are considered in estimating the waste quantity along with its future projections.
The findings from the estimation of waste quantities state that seasonal differences in the municipal solid waste stream are
not substantial. The most seasonably variable material in the municipal solid waste stream is food waste. Residential waste
is relatively homogeneous. Although there are some differences in waste generation depending on demographic and other local
factors, most households dispose of essentially similar types of wastes. Variation occurs in waste composition dependent upon
income levels and category of sources. Variation also occurs based upon the extent of source reduction and recycling opportunities.
As opportunities exist to recycle wastes, the recycling facilities might have to grow at a similar pace to the generation
of waste. Physical and chemical characteristics of solid waste are important to implement the waste disposal and management
plan for the selection of resource and energy recovery potentials. A number of studies have been conducted to determine the
composition of wastes including moisture content and calorific value. The data show that the moisture content in city waste
is significantly higher and the calorific value is much lower, which determines the viability of composting or anaerobic digestions
rather than waste combustion. |
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Keywords: | Municipal solid waste Waste characteristics Waste composition Waste generation |
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