我国泥炭资源的储量、特征与保护利用对策

泥炭是一种经济、环境效益都十分明显的自然资源。如何科学地处理好泥炭开发、利用和保护的关系,保证社会、经济、环境可持续发展是争论颇多的课题。论文从泥炭资源过程和泥炭资源-环境-经济系统的角度,分析了我国泥炭资源的属性和特征,探讨了泥炭资源与经济、社会的相互关系,根据我国泥炭资源储量、质量与开发利用条件,提出我国应科学界定泥炭开发与保护标准,扶持和培育泥炭新兴产业,加强泥炭高新技术产品开发,提高泥炭资源的利用效率和技术附加值,降低泥炭资源消耗,走开发与保护并重的道路,促进资源开发、社会进步和环境保护协调发展。

The Deposit, Characteristic and Exploitation Strategy of Peat Resources in China

From the point of view of resources process of peatlands and peat resource-environment-economic system,the attribute and characteristic of peat resources of China were analyzed and the relationship among peat resource,economy and society was investigated in this paper. Of the 4.6 billion tons(oven weight) of peat resources in China,most of them are concen-trated in 10 provinces such as Sichun,Gansu,Heilongjiang,Jilin et al.,accounting for 92% of the country's total amount.The peat resources in other provinces are poor with low quality,some peat resources are covered by soil layer,so it is difficult to exploit.Besides,98% of peat in China is eutrophic in nature with dominant herbaceous plant species.As peat in China is characterized by moderate organic content,high humic acid,moderate decomposition and weak acidity,most of it can only be used in agriculture. According to the deposition,quality and exploitation condition of peat resources in China,the standard of peatlands conservation and utilization should be developed,governmental support and guideline should be given to this newly rise peat industry,exploitation of high technical peat product should be enhanced,utilization efficiency and technical value should be improved,the depletion of peat resource should be slowed down,exploitation and conservation of peat resources should be laid equal stress on,so that coordinated development of resource exploitation,social progress and environmental protection could be promoted.