不同环境条件下三丁基氧化锡对火腿许水蚤（Schmakeria poplesia）的毒性效应

为探讨不同环境条件下三丁基氧化锡(TBTO)对桡足类的毒性效应，本文通过世代培养30日龄火腿许水蚤(Schmakeria poplesia)的多因素协同作用急性毒性实验，测定了温度、盐度、单胞藻浓度和桡足类密度等环境因素对TBTO毒性效应的影响。结果显示：TBTO对火腿许水蚤雌、雄个体的毒性效应无显著差异，96 h-LC50值分别为 0.41 µgTBTO l-1和0.42 µgTBTO l-1；随着温度的升高，TBTO毒性效应增强；与盐度25条件相比，盐度15和35条件下火腿许水蚤对TBTO的敏感性相对较高；单胞藻浓度升高导致TBTO对桡足类毒性效应降低；另外，桡足类暴露敏感性还受到其密度的影响。以上结果表明，环境因素对污染物的生物毒性效应产生较大影响，在毒理学研究中应根据实际环境情况设定合理的环境条件，以保证最终生态风险评价结果的科学性。

Effects of Environmental Conditions on Toxicity of bis(tributyltin) oxide to the calanoid copepod (Schmakeria poplesia)

A series of acute toxicity tests on thirty-day aged Schmakeria poplesia were used to study effects of bis(tributyltin) oxide (TBTO) in different environmental conditions such as temperature, salinity, algae concentration and copepod density. The results indicated that 96 h-LC50 values of TBTO for the male and female were 0.41 µgTBTO l-1 and 0.42 µgTBTO l-1, respectively; higher temperature would increase the toxicity of TBTO; when exposed to TBTO, the mortality of copepods was lower at salinity 25 compared with salinity 15 and 35 conditions; the sensitivity of copepods to TBTO was reduced with the algae concentration increase; in addition, different copepod densities would affect the mortalities when exposed to TBTO. These results show that environmental conditions would influence the toxicity of contaminations to copepods, so eco-toxicity tests should be conducted considering the realistic environmental conditions to get a credible conclusion in ecological risk assessment.