络合-超滤耦合工艺去除水中镍离子的研究

以聚丙烯酸钠(PAANa)和聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)作为络合剂,将其与镍离子络合后的溶液转移至超滤杯中,在0.1 MPa压力下通过聚醚砜超滤膜进行分离,研究pH值和络合剂/Ni2+装载质量比(L)对Ni2+去除率的影响,并根据朗缪尔等温模型拟合络合反应平衡常数.同时研究超滤时间对膜通量和Ni2+去除率的影响.结果表明,选用PAANa为络合剂,在pH值为8、L=5时,Ni2+的去除率达到最大值99.5%.PEI为络合剂时,Ni2+去除率在pH值为7、L为5时达到最大值93.0%.不同pH值条件下拟合得到的络合平衡常数表明,pH为7时最有利于络合反应.另外,单个络合剂单体所能结合的Ni2+个数随着pH值的升高而增大.研究结果还表明,在长达12 h的超滤时间内,PAANa为络合剂时,膜通量的衰减<10%;PEI为络合剂时,膜通量基本保持不变;Ni2+的去除率都基本保持恒定.因此,在合适条件下,络合-超滤耦合工艺能有效去除水中的镍离子.

Removal of Nickel from Aqueous Solutions Using Complexation-Ultrafiltration Process

Polyacrylate (PAANa) and polyethylenimine (PEI) were used as complexing agents to combine with nickel ions. This complexation solution was transferred to the ultrafiltration cell and the separation by polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes was carried out under the pressure of 0.1 MPa. Effects of solution pH and polymer/Ni²⁺ mass ratio on nickel removal were investigated. The complex reaction equilibrium constants were calculated according to Langmuir isotherm model. Effects of concentration time on nickel removal and membrane flux were also studied. With PAANa as a polymer, the removal rate of nickel went the highest to 99.5% at pH 8 with PAANa/Ni²⁺ ratio of 5. When PEI was used, the removal rate of nickel ions went highest to 93.0% at pH 7 with PEI/Ni²⁺ ratio of 5. Best-fit complexation equilibrium constants at different pH values showed that pH 7 was most beneficial to the complex reaction. In addition, the number of nickel ions bound to a single monomer complexing agent increased with increase of pH value. During 12 h ultrafiltration process, the decline of membrane flux was less than 10% with PAANa as the complexing agent, while the membrane flux remains the same when PEI was used. The removal rates of Ni²⁺ kept constant with both complexing agents. Results showed that complexation-ultrafiltration can effectively remove nickel from aqueous solution at appropriate conditions.