光照在东海近海东海原甲藻赤潮发生中的作用

利用船基现场培养实验和模型计算的方法,通过对东海原甲藻生长的光照效应和海水中光照最适宜生长水层的分析,研究了光照在东海近海东海原甲藻赤潮孕育和发生中的作用.结果表明,东海原甲藻生长与光照的关系可用Steele方程描述,其生长的最适光照强度(Iopt)为(38.2±3.8)W·m-2,比其它几种常见赤潮藻的Iopt(40～133 W·m-2)低,适应低光照的能力使东海原甲藻在高混浊海水中形成赤潮更具优势.东海近海光照最适宜东海原甲藻生长的水层厚度,由近岸向远岸逐渐增加,在赤潮高发区一般在5～10 m,而且位于水深3～15 m的次表层水层内.赤潮在"赤潮高发区"这个特定海域发生是水体光照和营养盐权衡的结果,而次表层光照最适的特性是导致春季次表层孕育赤潮的重要因素之一.

Effects of Irradiance on Blooms of the Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum Donghaiense Lu in the Coastal Area in East China Sea

With field culture experiments and model calculations, the natural-light-dependent growth and the optimal light layers in sea water for growth of red tide dinoflagellate Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu were studied in order to analyze the role of light on algal blooms in the coastal area in East China Sea in spring. The results show that the relationship of growth and light can be well described by Steele's equation, and the optimal light intensity (Iopt) of P. donghaiense is (38.2 +/- 3.8) W x m(-2), which is lower than Iopt for several other red tide algae (40-133 W x m(-2)), meaning that P. donghaiense may have an advantage when developing blooms in turbid environments where solar irradiance is easily attenuated. The optimal light layers for P. donghaiense growth are thicker offshore than inshore, and the thickness of optimal light layers in the subsurface water usually in 3-15 m in depth is about 5-10 m in the red tide area. The trade-off of light and nutrient fitness results in blooms in the so-called red tide area, and the light-optimum characteristic of the subsurface water is an important factor for the subsurface bloom development in spring.