成本效益、政策认知与农村居民点整理农户补偿满意度研究

政策执行是政策目标实现的重要环节,政策执行的本质是主体之间考虑利益得失的利益博弈过程,利益推动行为主体执行或违反政策。农户是农村居民点整理的直接利益主体,农户自身利益需求与补偿政策的差异表现为补偿满意度,明晰农户补偿满意度影响因素,对解决农户利益需求缺位,提高农村居民点整理政策执行效率意义重大。本文在理论分析农村居民点整理农户补偿满意度影响因素的基础上,结合典型区域扬州市刘集镇农户补偿满意度调查,应用有序Logit模型,分析个人特征、家庭特征、成本效益及政策认知等因素对农村居民点整理农户补偿满意度的影响。研究结果表明:(1)农户补偿满意度受其自身和家庭禀赋特征影响,家庭劳动力人数较多、非农就业为主的农户,对农村土地的依赖性较低,补偿满意度会相应提升。(2)农户补偿满意度受成本效益因素显著影响,提高耕作便捷度、改善出行交通,会降低通勤成本,增加受益感知,进而提高农户补偿满意度;而日常消费上升、原有宅基地面积较大,会增加农户参与整理的成本投入,降低农户补偿满意度。(3)农户补偿满意度受政策认知因素明显影响,正面的政策制定评价、较高的政策执行满意度及农民收入增加的价值认同,均将提高农户补偿满意度。因此,应合理评估宅基地价值,重视农村居民点整理政策的长期影响评价,综合考量农村居民点整理政策实施前后农户的总成本和综合效益确定合理的补偿标准,以优化利益分配格局。并通过推进配套制度改革完善、规范政策执行机制等措施提高整理区农户的社会福利及政策认同。

Cost-benefit,policy recognition and households' compensation satisfaction of rural settlements consolidation

Policy implementation is a critical segment in achieving policy target,and it is a kind of game process based on stakeholders' interests consideration.That is to say,the behavior of those stakeholders is driven by interests.Households are the direct stakeholder of rural settlements consolidation.Their compensation satisfaction is represented by the deviation between individual selfinterest demand and compensation policy.By summing up the factors which have impact on compensation satisfaction,it could make sense to solve the problem of households' interest demand absence and promote the executive efficiency during the period of rural settlements consolidation.Therefore,our research is based on the theoretical analysis framework,and applied Ordered Logit Model to assess the effect of factors on households' compensation satisfaction,including personal characteristics,family characteristics,costbenefit,and policy recognition,with the data of households' questionnaires in Liuji Town,Yangzhou City.The results show that:①Households' compensation satisfaction is affected by individual and family characteristics.Household which is engaged in non-farm work or has sufficient workforce has lower dependence to farmland and has higher compensation satisfaction.② Households' compensation satisfaction is markedly influenced by factors of cost and benefit.Improving tillage convenience and traffic will reduce transportation costs and increase the perceptions of benefit,and further has positive impact on households' compensation satisfaction.In contrast,rising cost of daily consumption and a larger area of homestead will probably increase costs of household'participation in rural settlements consolidation,and further has negative impact on their compensation satisfaction.③Policy recognition factors deeply affect the households' compensation satisfaction.A positive evaluation of the policy establishment and implementation,and a high cognition of households' incomes increasing will improve households' compensation satisfaction.In conclusion,in order to confirm rational compensation standard and optimize the pattern of benefits allocation,we should evaluate the value of homestead rationally,pay attention to the long-term impact assessment and reconsider the total cost and benefit of households during the policy implementation.Also,we should promote households' social welfare and their policy cognition on rural settlements consolidation by reforming the support system and promoting the policy implementation mechanism.