长江中游城市群城市人居环境竞争力格局及优化路径

从人居环境与城市竞争力的关联性入手,将生态、居住、生产环境纳入一个分析框架。运用AHP与多级模糊综合评价相结合的方法,构建城市人居环境竞争力指标体系,对长江中游城市群城市人居环境竞争力进行评估并解析了其空间分异特征。此外,依托Arcgis平台,运用空间聚类分析法,基于人居环境竞争力特征进行区域归类,并借助箱型图,对城市人居环境竞争力领域及区域类别特征进行了探索。研究表明:(1)竞争力分布中,浙赣线江西段沿线城市生态、休闲环境竞争力等级最高,京广线沿线城市的居住、公共服务环境竞争力等级最高,居住、公共服务竞争力空间格局具有高度相似性。区域中心及副中心城市在经济发展环境竞争力领域具有显著优势。(2)综合竞争力二级以上等级的城市主要分布于环鄱阳湖地区,包括九江、景德镇、上饶、鹰潭、南昌,以及省会城市武汉、长沙。(3)四类空间的城市人居环境竞争力优劣格局十分清晰。第1类区域围绕省会等区域中心、副中心城市分布,生态环境具有最优竞争力,居住、公共服务、经济发展环境最劣;第2类区域多为区域中心、副中心城市,强势竞争力集中于居住、公共服务、经济发展环境领域,而休闲环境为最劣势;第3类区域多为临山型城市,具有最优异的休闲环境竞争力;第4类区域以老工业城市居多,在生态环境、公共服务环境拥有相对优异的竞争力。最后,以因地制宜、突出特色为出发点,基于格局、类别特征等提出了涵盖现实特征、发展定位、重点措施等内容的长江中游城市群城市人居环境竞争力提升路径选择。其中,第1类区域定位为生态优异的山水园林城市;第2类应以营造城市外部开放空间为重心,推进公共服务设施智慧转型,打造为智慧高效的综合都市;第3类区域建议以良好的休闲环境作为特色人居环境建设的切入点,有序推进对居住、生产、生活空间的综合整治,致力建成休闲舒适的中小田园城市;第4类区域按照老工业基地调整改造规划要求,重塑城市形象,建成安居乐业的可持续发展城市。

Competitive landscape and optimized path of urban human settlement at urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

Starting from the relevance of the human settlement and the competitiveness of the city,the ecological environment,residential environment,and production environment are incorporated into an analytical framework.Using AHP method and multi-level comprehensive fuzzy evaluation,this paper constructed the index system of urban human settlement competitiveness,evaluated the urban human settlement competitiveness in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,and analyzed its spatial differentiation characteristics.In addition,using the spatial clustering analysis method,this paper divided the regional categories based on the Arcgis platform and the characteristics of human settlement competitiveness.Then,with the help of box diagram,this study explored the characteristics of the field of urban human settlement and the regional categories in urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.Results show:first,in the distribution of competitiveness,the cities along the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Railway (Jiangxi section) line had the highest level of ecological and leisure environment competitiveness,and the cities along the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway line had the highest level of the distribution of housing,public service environment competitiveness.The spatial pattern of residential and public service competitiveness was highly similar.Regional center and sub center city had a significant advantage in the competitiveness of economic development environment.Second,the cities with the comprehensive competitiveness above grade two located in the Poyang Lake area,including Jiujiang,Jingdezhen,Shangrao and Yingtan,and those in the capital city included Nanchang,Wuhan and Changsha.Third,the characteristics of urban human settlement were obvious in the four types of regions.For type 1,the region was distributed around the provincial capital and other regional centers,and sub central city.The ecological environment had the most competitive power,but the residential environment,the public service and the economic development environment were the worst.For type 2,this area was mostly regional center,sub center city,and the strong competition focused on residential,public services,economic development environment,while the leisure environment was the most inferior.For type 3,the cities were mostly near the mountain and held the most excellent leisure environment competitiveness.For type 4,most of the cities were old industrial cities and had relatively superior competitiveness in field of the ecological environment and the public service environment.Finally,starting from the local conditions and characteristics,based on the pattern and category characteristics,this paper put forward the way to improve the competitiveness of the urban human settlement in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,which covered the characteristics of reality,development orientation and key measures.Among them,for type 1,the development positioning became an landscape garden city with the scenery with hills and waters and excellent ecology.For type 2,to be a smart and efficient integrated city,creating open space of a comfortable city was the focus of construction of human settlement,and these city should commit to promoting the transformation of public service facilities wisdom.For type 3,to create a comfortable and leisure garden city,a good leisure environment should be taken as the starting point for the construction of the special human settlement,and local governments should continue to promote the comprehensive improvement of housing,production and living space.For type 4,to promote the sustainable development of a city,and to meet the requirements of the old industrial base adjustment and transformation plan,the cities should reshape the city image.