邻避冲突视角下环境群体性事件的发生过程及处理研究

共享发展理念要求全民共享改革发展成果,但当某些利于社会整体发展的项目设施建设将可能损害周边小部分群众个人利益时,政府管理部门如何合理协调处理好整体利益与个人利益的关系显得尤为重要,如果能提前做好相关调查应急预防工作,环境群体性事件的发生是完全可以避免的。本文从邻避冲突视角从微观上分析了环境群体性事件的发生过程、特点和内在机理,论述了邻避冲突引发的环境群体性事件的处理机制和政策措施。结果表明,舆情酝酿是引发环境群体性事件的关键,而解决舆情酝酿的关键则是参与人群边界的确定和恰当的信息公开。因此,建立有效的环境信息公开机制,对解决邻避冲突式的环境群体性事件具有重要的战略意义。同时,围绕邻避类项目的事前评价,提前做好损失预补方案和舆论疏导工作,有助于降低环境群体性事件发生的概率。具体说来主要可以通过建立环境类信息公开机制来了解民众的诉求,确保沟通渠道畅通;在信息公开的基础上,积极拓展并完善舆情监测与舆论引导机制,避免舆论因缺乏引导而持续发酵,引导舆论走向正面;建立环境类项目损害评估机制,本着公平、公正、公开、平等、自愿的原则进行不偏不倚的客观评估,制定科学合理的补偿方案;建立包括直接经济补偿和社会公益补偿等形式多样的环境类损失补偿机制;最后还要建立环境类事件过程监控机制,实行全过程、全方位管控,确保政府管理部门始终处于事件主导地位。在信息化不断发展、公民民主意识不断提升的背景下,努力提升政府治理能力显得尤为重要。在面对可能发生的矛盾焦点突出的环境群体性事件时,政府应当科学分析其产生发展的原因脉络,针对性地提出有效的解决方案。

Investigation on process and solution of environmental group events from NIMBY conflict perspective

Sharing development idea requires the whole people to share the fruits of reform and development.It is particularly important for government authorities to properly coordinate the relationship between the overall interests and personal interests when the construction of some project facilities beneficial to the overall social which likely damage the interests of a small part of surrounding masses.If we can do a good job in the related investigation and emergency in advance,occurrence of environmental group events can be completely avoided.This paper analyzes the process,characteristics and internal mechanism of the environmental group events microscopically from the perspective of Nimby Conflict,and discusses the mechanism and policy measures of the environmental group events caused by the Nimby Conflict.The results show that the public opinion brewing is the key to the environmental group events,and the key to solve the problem is to determine the boundaries of the people involved and the appropriate information disclosure.Therefore,it is of great strategic significance to set up an effective mechanism of environmental information disclosure to solve the environmental groupeventsin the type of the Nimby Conflict.At the same time,it is helpful to reduce the probability of the occurrence of the environmental group events if we do well in pre-compensation plan of lossand public opinion persuasioaby the pre-evaluation of the Nimby Conflictproject.Specifically,we need to understand the aspirations of the people through the establishment of environmental information disclosure mechanism which will ensure the smooth of communicationchannel.On the basis of information disclosure,we need toactively expand and perfect the mechanism of the public opinion monitoring and guiding to avoidcontinuous fermentation due to lack ofguidance and to guide public opinion to the right side.We need to establishdamage evaluation mechanism of environmental project in order to formulate scientific and reasonable compensation scheme objective to the principle of fairness,justice,openness,equality and voluntariness.We need to establish a variety of environmental compensation mechanisms,including direct economic compensation and social welfare compensation.Finally,we need to establish the monitoring mechanism of environmental events,implementing the whole process and all-round control,to ensure that government management is always in the leading position of events.With the continuous development of information technology and the rising awareness of democracy,it is very important to improve the ability of government management.In the face of the environmental group events that may occur,the government should analyze the reasons of its development scientifically,and put forward effective solutions.