中国城市CO_2排放数据集研究——基于中国高空间分辨率网格数据

城市CO_2排放数据的可获取性和质量直接影响了城市碳排放的科学研究、低碳战略制定及公众对于城市低碳发展的监督和参与。数据缺乏和多源数据的不确定性大是中国城市CO_2排放核算和低碳城市规划面临的重要问题和挑战,而这些问题同时也导致中国低碳城市研究水平参差不齐。本研究使用自下而上建立的中国高空间分辨率网格数据(空间分辨率为1km),采用统一数据源和规范化、标准化数据处理方法,建立中国城市CO_2排放数据集,供研究者和决策者参考。城市CO_2排放计算借鉴国际上较为成熟和应用广泛的核算方法,包括范围1和范围2排放。以北京、上海、天津、重庆和广州5个典型城市的能源统计数据自上而下计算其CO_2排放作为参考水平,检验数据集的数值质量,结果显示5个城市的数据差异均不超过10%。中国城市CO_2排放整体呈现北方大于南方,东部高于中部和西部的空间格局。CO_2排放量较高的城市大多处于华北、东北以及华东沿海地区,西部地区城市CO_2排放量则较低。城市CO_2排放8个部门(工业能源、工业过程、农业、服务业、城镇生活、农村生活、交通、范围2排放)之间的相关性中,城镇生活和交通排放的相关性最高,并且呈现显著性(p0.001),工业过程排放和服务业排放的相关性最弱且没有显著性。基于中国高空间分辨率网格数据的中国城市CO_2排放数据集的不断完善和发展,为中国城市CO_2排放研究奠定了重要的数据基础,为城市CO_2排放横向比较和对标工作提供了重要依据。

China City CO2 emission dataset: based on the China high resolution emission gridded data

The China City CO2 emission dataset are built based on China High Resolution Emission Gridded Data (CHRED) with 1 km spatial resolution, by a unified framework and data processing methods.These data are completely open for scientific study and policy making.The scope 1 (direct) and scope 2(indirect) emissions are calculated by internationally accepted methods.The official energy statistical data of 5 cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Chongqing and Guangzhou) are used for calculation of reference level emission, to check the uncertainties of the emission dataset.The comparison shows that the discrepancies between the reference level and dataset for each city are less than 10%.The spatial pattern of emissions of cities shows that the cities in north are higher than cities in south, and cities in middle and east of China are relatively higher than cities in other regions.Most of the cities with high CO2 emissions are located in North China, East North China and coastal region of East China.According to the correlation analysis between 8 sectors (industrial energy, industrial process, agriculture, service, urban household, rural household, transport and scope 2) in cities, the emissions of urban household and transport are most related (p<0.001), while emissions of industrial process and service are no significant correlation.With completeness and development of China city CO2 emission dataset based on CHRED, it will not provide fundamental data for scientific research, but also effectively support the lateral comparative assessment and benchmarking of cities' emissions in China.