农村居民点整理对农户土地投入影响研究

近年来,农村居民点整理被作为城乡统筹发展的重要措施,在各地广泛开展。其在改善农民居住环境、为工业化和城镇化发展置换建设用地空间的同时,也对区域农地资源可持续利用产生了巨大冲击,其中,土地投入变化是农户响应这些冲击的重要表现。本研究沿着"农村居民点整理-区域土地利用条件变化-农户土地利用行为响应"的逻辑思路,形成了农村居民点整理对农户土地投入影响的分析框架,并在此基础上,从总体效应和不同政策影响两个层次,构建了农村居民点整理对农户土地投入影响的两个模型。依据江苏省调研数据,从资金和劳动力两个方面,实证分析农村居民点整理项目对农户土地投入的净效应,以及不同居民点整理政策对农户土地投入的影响方向和大小。结果表明,农村居民点整理促进了农户的土地资金投入,但对农户的土地劳动力投入具有负向影响。不同居民点整理政策对农户土地投入的影响具有显著差异,其中,置换住房的宅基地补偿政策和农地产权稳定政策对农户的土地资金投入具有较好的积极作用,而安置公寓房政策则更可能带来农户土地资金投入减少;农地产权稳定政策和安置公寓房政策显著负向影响农户土地劳动投入,但宅基地补偿政策对农户土地劳动投入影响不显著。本研究对这些结果进行了合理解释,同时也估算了户主年龄、户主受教育程度、农业收入比例、非农就业水平、农业补贴收入、耕作距离和土地经营面积等控制变量对农户土地投入的影响情况。最后从强化规划引导、内涵拓展、宅基地补偿策略优化、土地流转制度完善等方面,提出农村居民点整理政策调整和合理引导农户土地投入行为的对策建议。

Residential land consolidation on rural household's land investment

In recent years,rural residential land consolidation has been regarded as an important measure in the urban and rural development,widely carried out in different regions.It brings the improvement of farmers' living environment,replacement construction land space for development of industrialization and urbanization.Simultaneously rural residential land consolidation has a tremendous shock on regional land resource sustainable utilization.An important performance responding to these shocks is the land investment change of rural household.This study,based on the logic line'rural residential land consolidation-change of regional land utilization conditions response to rural household's land utilization behavior',established the theoretical framework of the impact of rural residential land consolidation on rural household's land investment.According to this basis,we established two models of the impact of rural residential land consolidation on rural household's land investment at two levels of overall effect and different policy influence.Subsequently,according to the survey data in Jiangsu Province,this study estimated the net effect of rural residential land consolidation on rural household's land investment from funding and labor,and the impact of different consolidation policies on farmers' land investment.The results showed that rural residential land consolidation promotes rural household's land investment,while it exerted a negative effect on rural household's labor inputs.Different land consolidation policies had significant influence on rural household's land investment.The compensation policies of housing land replacement and stability policy of agricultural land property rights had play positive roles on rural household's funding investment.While resettlement apartment policy was more likely to reduce rural household's land investment.The stability policy of agricultural land property rights and resettlement apartment policy have a significantly negative influence of farmers' labor inputs.But the homestead compensation policy did not exert a significant impact on the rural household's land labor input.The research interpreted these results reasonably,and also estimated the influence of control variables,such as farmer's age,education level,proportion of agricultural income,employment level,agricultural subsidies,farming distance and land management area,on farmers land investment.Finally,we put forward some advice on adjusting rural residential land consolidation policy and reasonably guiding rural household's investment behavior,from perspectives of strengthening planning,extending connotation,optimizing land compensation strategy and improving land circulation system.