自贸区效应下山东省渔业资源开发基准选择

国家间自贸区的设立,将更加有利于各签约国资源环境利用效率的提升。本文采用贸易指数测算方法,分析了中、挪、韩在海水产品生产、加工及贸易流通中的各自优势。挪威因丰富的渔业资源和先进的渔业技术,在海水产品养殖及加工领域中具有全球引领作用;韩国有相对更加严格的海水产品安全检疫检验体系,可以确保海水产品的品质安全。随着中韩自贸区的实施及中挪重启双边自贸协定谈判,三国海洋渔业彼此间将进入自贸型竞争态势。如何运用自贸区效应,积极促进渔业资源开发比较潜能的发挥,进一步融入全球化,对于我国,尤其是对山东省渔业实现跨越式发展都是一个亟待破解的课题。山东省作为中国第一渔业大省,在继"海上山东"战略实施基础上,又率先提出"海上粮仓"建设规划设想。针对目前山东省渔业发展中存在的瓶颈问题,本文结合全球贸易分析模型(GTAP)的模拟,在中挪、中韩自贸区背景下对各方海水产品贸易的影响进行了系统分析,提出:在当前海水养殖产量大于捕捞产量的格局下,山东"海上粮仓"建设应以自贸区制度所形成的倒逼机制为互动机理,切实落实海产品养殖生产的安全标准底线和生态系统水平提升的两个基准维度,全面践行可持续健康的渔业资源开发理念,在全国先行完成开放型"海上粮仓"示范体系的建设,以推动我国海水产品生产与加工从量到质的转型,实现海水资源开发与生态环境保护并举,提升我国海洋渔业的国际竞争力。

Impact of free trade zone efficacy on selecting benchmark to exploit fishery resources of Shandong Province

Setting up free trade zone between nations will significantly facilitate the effectiveness of using environmental resources.This paper discusses the comparative advantage among Chinese, Norwegian and South Koran aquatic products based on calculation of trade index.Norwegian takes a lead in the field of processing aquatic products owing to its rich fishery resources, advanced technologies and management advantages;while South Korean has more strict safety control system on aquatic products.Embracing the implement of low tariff in free trade zone, each party takes 'free trade competition' to enhance its own comparative advantages.While being the first fishery province in China for many years, Shandong Province first put forward the concept of 'granary on the sea' on the basis of implement strategy of 'Shandong on the sea'.Applying the GTAP (global trade analysis pattern) to analyze the impact of each party in free trade zone on aquatic products trade between China and Norway, China and Korea, we suggest that construction of 'granary on the sea' should interact with an action forcing mechanism enhanced by the 'free trade zone' and fully carry out the two benchmarks such as 'safety standard and upgrading ecological system level'.Thus we can enhance the concept of safe and healthy sustainable development for fishery resources, and construct the demonstration model for open 'granary on the sea' to promote the transition from quantity to quality and, finally achieve the leap-forward of international competitive power of fishery industry.