Role of refugia in recovery from disturbances: Modern fragmented and disconnected river systems |
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Authors: | James R Sedell Gordon H Reeves F Richard Hauer Jack A Stanford Charles P Hawkins |
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Institution: | (1) United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 Jefferson Way, 97331 Corvallis, Oregon, USA;(2) Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, 59860 Polson, Montana, USA;(3) Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Utah State University, 84322-5210 Logan, Utah, USA |
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Abstract: | Habitats or environmental factors that convey spatial and temporal resistance and/or resilience to biotic communities that
have been impacted by biophysical disturbances may be called refugia. Most refugia in rivers are characterized by extensive
coupling of the main channel with adjacent streamside forests, floodplain features, and groundwater. These habitats operate
at different spatial scales, from localized particles, to channel units such as pools and riffles, to reaches and longer sections,
and at the basin level. A spatial hierarchy of different physical components of a drainage network is proposed to provide
a context for different refugia. Examples of refugia operating at different spatial scales, such as pools, large woody debris,
floodplains, below dams, and catchment basins are discussed. We hope that the geomorphic context proposed for examining refugia
habitats will assist in the conservation of pristine areas and attributes of river systems and also allow a better understanding
of rehabilitation needs in rivers that have been extensively altered. |
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Keywords: | River ecosystems Geomorphology Riparian vegetation Woody debris Groundwater Refugia |
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