Assessment of successful experiments and limitations of phytotechnologies: contaminant uptake, detoxification and sequestration, and consequences for food safety |
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Authors: | Michel Mench Jean-Paul Schwitzguébel Peter Schroeder Valérie Bert Stanislaw Gawronski Satish Gupta |
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Institution: | 1. UMR BIOGECO INRA 1202, Ecologie des Communautés, Université Bordeaux 1, Bat B8 RdC Est, Avenue des Facultés, 33405, Talence, France 2. Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology (LBE), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland 3. Department Microbe–Plant Interactions, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolst?dter Landstra?e 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany 6. Unité Technologies et Procédés Propres et Durables, DRC, INERIS, Parc Technologique ALATA BP2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France 5. Laboratory of Basic Research in Horticulture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, ul. Nowoursynowska 166, PL-02787, Warsaw, Poland 4. Agroscope FAL Reckenholz, Swiss Federal Research Station for Agroecology and Agriculture, Reckenholzstr. 191, CH-8046, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract: | Purpose The term “phytotechnologies” refers to the application of science and engineering to provide solutions involving plants, including
phytoremediation options using plants and associated microbes to remediate environmental compartments contaminated by trace
elements (TE) and organic xenobiotics (OX). An extended knowledge of the uptake, translocation, storage, and detoxification
mechanisms in plants, of the interactions with microorganisms, and of the use of “omic” technologies (functional genomics,
proteomics, and metabolomics), combined with genetic analysis and plant improvement, is essential to understand the fate of
contaminants in plants and food, nonfood and technical crops. The integration of physicochemical and biological understanding
allows the optimization of these properties of plants, making phytotechnologies more economically and socially attractive,
decreasing the level and transfer of contaminants along the food chain and augmenting the content of essential minerals in
food crops. This review will disseminate experience gained between 2004 and 2009 by three working groups of COST Action 859
on the uptake, detoxification, and sequestration of pollutants by plants and consequences for food safety. Gaps between scientific
approaches and lack of understanding are examined to suggest further research and to clarify the current state-of-the-art
for potential end-users of such green options. |
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