大型公用建筑项目安全风险“致因-承担”模型

在大型公用建筑项目实施过程中,项目各利益相关者往往片面注重自己对安全风险后果的承担责任和对策研究,忽视对项目总体安全风险的系统分析。其实,不同利益相关者给项目带来的安全风险及对安全风险的后果承担有着高度关联、相互依存的特点。本文借鉴投入产出理论解决问题的思路,建立了安全风险"致因-承担"模型,通过安全风险"致因-承担"分析表对利益相关者的安全风险致因与安全风险承担进行了量化分析,确定了各利益相关者的安全风险"致因-承担"差额,并应用安全风险玫瑰图对评价结果进行了直观的表达和分析,提出了决策者针对不同利益相关者所采取的安全风险管理重点。安全风险"致因-承担"模型为平衡各部门的利益、解决纷争提供了一种行之有效的定量研究技术工具,是对投入产出分析应用领域拓展的一种新尝试。

Study on safety risk "cause-responsibility" model of large public building projects

In the construction of large public buildings,stakeholders often focus on the risk and its responsibilities from their own point of view.Project＇s overall risk is usually not their primary concern.As a matter of fact,different type of risks,caused by different stakeholders,as well as these risks＇ liabilities are highly related.Borrowing the input-output analysis methods,a risk cause-responsibility model was built,the stakeholder＇s risk cause-responsibility pattern was examined through a risk cause-responsibility chart,the risk ＂cause-responsibility＂ disparity between different stakeholders was found.A risk rose diagram was applied to show the risk assessment result and provides decision-makers with a risk management mechanism to apply to different stakeholders.Risk ＂cause-responsibility＂ model is an effective technical tool that can balance departmental interests and solve dispute.It is an expansion of current input-output analysis theory.