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Organohalogen compounds in blubber of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) and spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) from Zanzibar, Tanzania |
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| Authors: | Haji Mwevura Omar A Amir Michael Kishimba Henrik Kylin |
| Institution: | a Department of Chemistry, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania b Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Dar es Salaam, P O Box 668, Zanzibar, Tanzania c Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden d Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P O Box 7050, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden e Norwegian Institute of Air Research, Polar Environmental Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway f School of Marine Science and Technology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom |
| Abstract: | Blubber samples of Indo-Pacific bottlenose (Tursiops aduncus) and spinner (Stenella longirostris) dolphins from Zanzibar, East Africa, were analyzed for a wide range of organohalogen compounds. Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-BDEs), presumably biogenic, were found at higher concentrations than anthropogenic organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Only traces of industrial pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, were detected. The OCP levels found off Zanzibar were lower than those reported from other regions while MeO-BDE levels were higher. The relative composition of the OCPs indicated recent use of lindane (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane) and aged residues of DDT and technical HCH. Placental transfer was estimated to 2.5% and 0.5% of the total burden of OCPs and MeO-BDEs, respectively. Overall transfer from mother to calf in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins was estimated to 72% and 85% for the OCPs and MeO-BDEs burdens, respectively. Health effects of MeO-BDEs are not known, but structural similarities with well-known environmental toxins are cause for concern. |
| Keywords: | Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers MeO-BDEs Organochlorine pesticides Maternal transfer |
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