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Solving mercury (Hg) speciation in soil samples by synchrotron X-ray microspectroscopic techniques |
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| Authors: | Roberto Terzano Anna Santoro Bart Vekemans Koen Janssens Melissa A Denecke Pacifico Ruggiero |
| Institution: | a Dipartimento di Biologia e Chimica Agroforestale ed Ambientale, University of Bari, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy b Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S12, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium c Istituto di Metodologie per l’Analisi Ambientale, I.M.A.A., C.N.R., Contrada S. Loja, I-85050 Tito Scalo (PZ), Italy d Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium e Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Synchrotron Radiation, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany f Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, P.O. Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany |
| Abstract: | Direct mercury (Hg) speciation was assessed for soil samples with a Hg concentration ranging from 7 up to 240 mg kg−1. Hg chemical forms were identified and quantified by sequential extractions and bulk- and micro-analytical techniques exploiting synchrotron generated X-rays. In particular, microspectroscopic techniques such as μ-XRF, μ-XRD and μ-XANES were necessary to solve bulk Hg speciation, in both soil fractions <2 mm and <2 μm. The main Hg-species found in the soil samples were metacinnabar (β-HgS), cinnabar (α-HgS), corderoite (Hg3S2Cl2), and an amorphous phase containing Hg bound to chlorine and sulfur. The amount of metacinnabar and amorphous phases increased in the fraction <2 μm. No interaction among Hg-species and soil components was observed. All the observed Hg-species originated from the slow weathering of an inert Hg-containing waste material (K106, U.S. EPA) dumped in the area several years ago, which is changing into a relatively more dangerous source of pollution. |
| Keywords: | Mercury Soil pollution Chlor-alkali Synchrotron X-rays microanalyses K106 |
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