Influence of zinc chloride addition on the chemical structure of bio-oil obtained during co-pyrolysis of wood/synthetic polymer blends |
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| Authors: | Piotr Rutkowski |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia;2. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Permatang Pauh, 13500, Penang, Malaysia;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius;2. Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, South Africa;3. University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius;1. Nanchang University, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang 330047, China;2. Nanchang University, Engineering Research Center for Biomass Conversion, Ministry of Education, Nanchang 330047, China;3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China;4. Center for Biorefining and Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of Minnesota, 1390 Eckles Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA |
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| Abstract: | The chemical structure of liquid products of the pinewood sawdust (W) co-pyrolysis with polystyrene (PS) and polypropylene (PP) with and without the zinc chloride as an additive was investigated. The pyrolysis process was carried out at 450 °C with the heating rate of 5 °C/min. The yield of liquid products of pyrolysis was in the range of 37–91 wt% and their form was liquid or semi-solid depending on the composition of the wood/polymer blend. The zinc chloride addition to wood/polymer blends has influenced the range of samples decomposition as well as the chemical structure of resulted bio-oils. All bio-oils from wood/polypropylene blends were two-phase (liquid and solid). Contrarily, all bio-oils obtained from biopolymer/polypropylene blends with zinc chloride added were yellow liquids. All analyses proved that the structure and the quality of bio-oil strongly depend on both the composition of the blend and the presence of ZnCl2 as an additive. The FT-IR analyses of oils showed that oxygen-containing groups and hydrocarbons content highly depend on the composition of biomass/synthetic polymer mixture. The fractionation of bio-oils by column chromatography with four different solvents was followed by GC–MS analysis. Results confirmed the significant removal and/or transformation of oxygen-containing organic compounds due to the zinc chloride presence during pyrolysis process. |
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