Chemical composition of material fractions in Danish household waste |
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| Authors: | Christian Riber Claus Petersen Thomas H Christensen |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, Technical University of Denmark, 2830 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;2. Econet A/S, Klampenborgvej 239, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;1. Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland;2. Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning (SIMAU), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy;1. Department of Sustainability Science, Lappeenranta University of Technology, P.O. Box 20, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland;2. Finnish Environment Institute SYKE, Mechelininkatu 34a, P.O. Box 140, 00251 Helsinki, Finland;3. Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, School of Engineering, P.O. Box 12100, 00076 Aalto, Finland |
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| Abstract: | The chemical composition of Danish household waste was determined by two approaches: a direct method where the chemical composition (61 substances) of 48 material fractions was determined after hand sorting of about 20 tonnes of waste collected from 2200 households; and an indirect method where batches of 80–1200 tonnes of unsorted household waste was incinerated and the content of the waste determined from the content of the outputs from the incinerator. The indirect method is believed to better represent the small but highly contaminated material fractions (e.g., batteries) than the direct method, because of the larger quantities included and the more homogenous material to sample from. Differences between the direct and the direct methods led to corrections in the of heavy metal concentration of a few fractions.The majority of the energy content of the waste originates from organic waste like paper, cardboard and organic fractions. The single fraction contributing most to the total energy content is the non-recyclable plastic fraction, contributing 21% of the energy content and 60% of the chlorine content, although this fraction comprises less than 7% by weight. Heavy metals originate mainly from inert fractions, primarily batteries. |
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