首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
     检索      


A review of waste management practices and their impact on human health
Authors:L Giusti
Institution:2. Centre for Sustainable Waste Management, School of Science and Technology, University of Northampton, Northampton, UK;1. Department of Environment and Geography, Clayton H. Riddell Faculty of Environment, Earth, and Resources, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada;2. Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada;1. Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia;2. Balai Besar Industri Hasil Perkebunan, Balitbang Departemen Perindustrian, Indonesia;3. Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia;1. National Institute of Economic Research, Box 3116, 103 62 Stockholm, Sweden;2. Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
Abstract:This work reviews (i) the most recent information on waste arisings and waste disposal options in the world, in the European Union (EU), in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OEDC) countries, and in some developing countries (notably China) and (ii) the potential direct and indirect impact of waste management activities on health. Though the main focus is primarily on municipal solid waste (MSW), exposure to bioaerosols from composting facilities and to pathogens from sewage treatment plants are considered. The reported effects of radioactive waste are also briefly reviewed. Hundreds of epidemiological studies reported on the incidence of a wide range of possible illnesses on employees of waste facilities and on the resident population. The main conclusion of the overall assessment of the literature is that the evidence of adverse health outcomes for the general population living near landfill sites, incinerators, composting facilities and nuclear installations is usually insufficient and inconclusive. There is convincing evidence of a high risk of gastrointestinal problems associated with pathogens originating at sewage treatment plants. In order to improve the quality and usefulness of epidemiological studies applied to populations residing in areas where waste management facilities are located or planned, preference should be given to prospective cohort studies of sufficient statistical power, with access to direct human exposure measurements, and supported by data on health effect biomarkers and susceptibility biomarkers.
Keywords:
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录!
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号