中国东部地区农业环境-经济系统耦合度研究

东部地区农业污染已成为我国最为严重的环境问题之一,该研究对于推进与环境相协调的区域可持续发展实践、"建设美丽乡村"具有战略指导意义。首先建构了农业环境-经济系统耦合模型及耦合度评价类型;然后基于环境压力水平、强度等方面农业污染风险评价指标,以及农业经济水平、强度等方面农业经济系统评价指标,运用因子分析法实证研究东部地区农业环境-经济系统耦合及其空间格局。东部地区农业环境-经济耦合空间发展不平衡,大致可划分为5大类型区,农业污染风险高且环境-经济耦合度较差的地区主要在冀北、冀南地区,鲁西北、鲁南地区,苏北地区、闽南地区及粤西地区等,这可为具有地域特色的农业环境-经济协调发展提供决策依据。

RESEARCH ON COUPLING OF AGRICULTURE RELATED ENVIRONMENT-ECONOMY SYSTEM IN EASTERN AREA OF CHINA

With a high-speed economic growth, point pollution management was gradually improved, but agriculture pollution was getting more and more serious in China, especially in eastern coastal areas, which has been identified as one of the dominant contributors to contamination of environment. However, there are few other prior studies testing the environment-economy coupling issues in the case of agriculture pollutants, although there are abundant studies of industrial pollution and urban ecology. This research constructed agriculture related coupling model of environment-economy system, and then established the evaluation index between agricultural pollution and economy from the point of the overall level and intensity, taking eastern coastal area of China as the study area. Finally, geographical differentiation conditions and regionalization of agricultural environment-economy coordinated development were investigated with model of factor analysis. This study indicated an unbalanced environment-economy coupling development characteristic in eastern coastal region of China. The areas with serious agricultural pollution and poor environment-economy coordination level were mainly concentrated in the northern and southern areas of Hebei, northwest and southern areas of Shandong, northern areas of Jiangsu, southern areas of Fujian, western areas of Guangdong, especially Huang-Huai-Hai region. Agriculture related environmental economic policies should be differed over characteristics and differences of time and region, as the improvement of coordination was a progressive process within environment-economy complex giant system. China was confronted with challenges to address peculiar agricultural pollution with growth and transition. Although further theoretical and empirical investigationwas clearly needed before any unquestionable conclusion drawn, for the coupling issues on agro-environment, deriving the feasible quantitative estimates of the likely environment-economy effectwas helpful to advance decision debate.