中国海岛县际经济差异与今后产业布局分析

我国12个海岛县,分散分布在黄海等四大海域中,由于所处的海域位置、海洋与岛陆资源丰度以及受市场机制与人文状况、海岛资源开发力度与所处行政区的影响,海岛县际之间经济存在一定差异。根据海岛县人均GDP计算的基尼系数和绘制的洛伦斯曲线图,可以看出海岛县经济差异在缩小。海岛县之间产业结构也存在不同的演进过程,根据主成分得分值,在坐标系上海岛县的具体分布,可以划分出产业结构的不同演进阶段和产业结构类型。目前,海岛县的经济虽然仍为资源型经济,但在开发利用资源方面,已从海洋生物资源利用为主,逐步转向以利用海洋空间资源、海洋非生物资源、岛陆土地资源和海洋生物资源并重的发展方向。一些陆域发展的产业也逐步向海岛转移和延伸,从而在海岛县经济结构中,二、三产业的比重有所增加。

The Analysis of Economic Difference and Future Industrial Allocation of China's Island Counties

Twelve island counties of China are located scatteredly in four large seas including Huanghai.There exist some differences in economic level among twelve island counties because of their positions of sea area,the degree of abundance of resources of marine and land-islands, market mechanism and humanity states,island resources development dynamics and the effect of the position of their respective administrative divisions.From Gi-Ni coefficient based on per capita GDP of island counties and Lorenz curve,it also can be seen the differences are becoming smaller apparently.Seen from the industrial structure of island counties,there are different progressive course among them.According to characteristic value and distribution of island counties on the system of coordinates,we can identify different progressive stages of industrial structure and types of industrial structure.Island economy of China today is still resources-oriented economy,but in the aspect of resources exploitation and utilization,we have gradually changed the situation from merely taking utilization of marine organisms resources in domination to laying equal stress on the utilization of marine spatial resources,marine non-organisms resources,island-land land resources and marine organisms resources.Some industries which were developed on the land are starting to be shifted and extended so that the proportions of secondary and tertiary industries increased in the economic structure of island counties to a certain extent.