废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的催化裂解

为了对废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料（WPS）资源化利用,通过对WPS进行催化裂解的方法,研究了催化剂种类和裂解温度对裂解时间、裂解油产率、苯乙烯回收率以及裂解油纯度的影响。研究结果表明,催化剂种类和裂解温度对裂解反应有着重要影响。裂解温度升高,裂解油产率提高,裂解时间缩短,但苯乙烯选择性下降；低于380 ℃时,氧化钙的裂解油产率和裂解时间优于氧化铝和氯化铝,但苯乙烯的选择性劣于氧化铝和氯化铝；高于400 ℃时,氯化铝、氧化铝和氧化钙的催化活性接近。在实验条件下,WPS催化裂解的最佳催化剂为氯化铝,380 ℃下的裂解时间为25 min,裂解油产率为85.48%,裂解油中苯乙烯含量为80.66%（w）,且副产物较少。

Catalytic Cracking of Waste Expanded Polystyrene

Waste expanded polystyrene (WPS) was treated by catalytic cracking. The effects of catalyst and cracking temperature on cracking time,cracked oil yield,styrene recovery rate and cracked oil purity were studied. The results show that both catalyst and cracking temperature have significant effects on the cracking reaction. With the increase of cracking temperature,the oil yield is increased and the cracking time is shortened,but the styrene selectivity is decreased；When the cracking temperature is below 380 ℃,the oil yield and the cracking time are better using CaO as catalyst than Al₂O₃ and AlCl₃,but the styrene selectivity is worse using CaO as catalyst than Al₂O₃ and AlCl₃；When the cracking temperature is over 400 ℃,the catalytic activities of the three catalysts are similar. Under laboratory conditions,the optimum catalyst for catalytic cracking of WPS is AlCl₃,and with below 380 ℃ of cracking temperature,the cracking time is 25 min,the oil yield is 85.48%,the content of styrene in the cracked oil is 80.66%(w),and the by-products are little.