退田还湖对洞庭湖鸟类群落结构的影响

通过5年的跟踪调查，发现洞庭湖的民宅堤垸与退田还湖的垸子鸟类群落有着明显的区别，前者的常见鸟类有22种，后者有66种，且群落成分差异明显（Moumtforyd系数：0.371 62）。无论耕作区还是退田还湖区的鸟类群落结构都具有明显的季相变化。每年10月底至翌年的3月为冬季鸟类群落；4~9月为夏季鸟类群落。退田还湖后的鸟类群落变迁具有特定的规律性，共分为3个时期：第一阶段为群落结构混乱期，时间为1年左右；第二阶段为新的群落格局初现期，时间为2~4年；第三阶段为稳定的野生鸟类物群落期，时间在退田还湖后的4~5年。

IMPACTS OF REIMBURSEMENT CROPLAND FOR LAKES ON AVIFAUNA COMMUNITY

Five-year investigation revealed that the avifauna differed obviously between residence dike and the dike of reimbursement cropland for lakes. There were 22 species common in the former and 66 species in the latter, and the difference in the community components was obvious, with the Moumtforyd coefficient being 0.371 62. The community structure varied obviously with seasons in both the cultivated land and the reimbursement cropland for lakes. From October to the following March, a winter community was observed, and from April to September the summer community. After the reimbursement, changes of the avian community can be characterized into three phases: the first is the mixed period for the avian community which lasted for about one year, the second is the emerging period for the new community which lasted for 2~4 years, and the third is the steady period of the wild avian community which has lasted for 4~5 years after the reimbursement.