具有零频特性的隔振器设计与减振性能研究

目的 开展零刚度隔振器的结构设计与减振性能试验验证.方法 现有隔振器在超低频下很难具备良好的隔振特性和较宽的隔振频率.在准零刚度技术的基础上,通过仿真计算和试验分析相结合的方法对零刚度隔振器进行了深入研究.结果 首先,建立了零刚度隔振器的物理模型,对其进行了静力学计算,分析了系统的刚度特性,给出了系统的零刚度条件,从而完成了隔振器的结构设计.然后,通过Adams仿真软件对隔振器进行了动力学分析,得出了其在超低频振动环境下具有较好的隔振效果.最后,对零刚度隔振开展了静力压缩试验、正弦振动试验以及随机振动试验,通过试验验证了隔振器的零刚度特性和优良的隔振性能.结论 实现了零刚度隔振器的结构设计,且该隔振器在0.2～2000 Hz范围内都处于减振状态,传递率未出现大于1的情况.

Design of Vibration Isolator with Zero Frequency Characteristics and Research on Vibration Reduction Performance

The work aims to carry out the structural design and vibration reduction performance test verification of zero stiffness vibration isolator. It is difficult for existing vibration isolators to have good vibration isolation characteristics and wide vibration isolation frequency under ultra-low frequency. On the basis of quasi zero stiffness technology, the zero stiffness isolator is studied by combining simulation calculation and experimental analysis. Firstly, the physical model of the zero stiffness isolator is established, the static calculation is carried out, the stiffness characteristics of the system are analyzed, and the zero stiffness condition of the system is given, so the structure design of the vibration isolator is completed. Then, the dynamic analysis of the isolator is carried out by ADAMS simulation software, and its better vibration isolation effect in ultra-low frequency vibration environment is studied. Finally, static compression test, sinusoidal vibration test and random vibration test are carried out to verify the zero stiffness characteristics and excellent vibration isolation performance of the isolator. The structure design of zero stiffness isolator is realized, and the isolator is in the state of vibration reduction in the range of 0.2~2000 Hz, and the transmission rate is not greater than 1.