杭州高速公路交通事故流行病学特点分析

目的:研究杭州高速公路交通事故的流行病学特点。方法:收集了2003—2006年杭州高速公路交通事故资料并对其进行流行病学分析。结果:①2003—2006年期间,发生交通事故8906起,涉及车辆12692辆,死亡115人,受伤1976人,造成直接经济损失1.15亿元;②交通事故以10月和1月发生最多,每周事故数呈逐渐上升趋势,9:00—11:00点和14:00—16:00点为事故的高发时段;③因驾驶员造成的交通事故超过事故总数的90%,主要原因为未保持安全的纵向距离和操作不当;车辆原因主要为爆胎和制动问题、天气及照明对事故有一定影响;④在高速公路交通事故中,乘客与驾驶员受到的危害程度相同。结论:研究高速公路交通事故的流行病学特点将有利于采取科学的措施减小高速公路交通事故给社会带来的危害。

Epidemiological Characteristic Analysis on Freeway Traffic Accidents in Hangzhou City

To study the epidemiological characteristics of freeway traffic accidents in Hangzhou city, data of freeway traffic accidents in Hangzhou city from 2003 to 2006 were collected and analyzed with epidemiology. The results were as follows: (1) During this period, there were 8 906 traffic crashes that involve 12 692 vehicles and cause 115 deaths, 1 976 injuries and a direct economic loss of 11.5 million RMB. (2) Most traffic accidents occurred in October and January, the number of traffic accidents increased gradually for each week and there were two peak periods of traffic accidents from 9:00 to11:00 and from 14:00 to 16:00. (3) Over 90% traffic crashes were resulted from drivers, which attributed to not keeping enough distance and improper manipulation; the rest was resulted from vehicles and others, which mainly attributed to tire explosion, bad braking, and to a certain extent, to weather and illumination. (4) Passengers suffered the same injuries with drivers from freeway traffic accidents. It is concluded that this study achievement is beneficial to take scientific measures to diminish social harm caused by freeway traffic crashes.