我国城市居民健康状况及影响因素研究

随着中国城市化、工业化快速推进,城市居民的健康日益受到环境、外部压力等因素的影响,加上生活方式和健康观念方面的原因,城市居民健康状况的改善缓慢.利用2006年中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)截面数据,描述了我国城市居民的健康及其分布状况,利用Ordered Probit模型分析了影响城市居民的健康状况的各类因素.结果发现:家庭状况、生活习惯、就医决策、医疗保险等因素均影响城市居民的健康水平;尤其是在收入、工作等经济因素之外,健康观念、就医决策和保险覆盖等社会和制度因素亦对城市居民个人健康产生影响.同时,通过逐步回归控制相关变量的方法,检验了Grossman模型的适用性,同时也检验了影响因素作用机制的稳定性.在总结研究结论与不足的基础上,提出了应从经济,社会和制度三个层面全面促进城市居民健康的综合改革框架.

The Health Status of Citizens in China and Its Influencing Factors

In the process of China's urbanization and rapid industrialization, the health status of citizens is affected by the environment and external pressures. The life style and the concept of health result in slow improvement of citizens' health. The article depicted the health status of citizens and its distribution based on individual data of China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2006. Besides income, job and other factors,authors find that factors in aspects of society and system such as the family status, living habits, decisions of choosing medical service and medical insurance impact health status of citizens. The concept of health, habits of choosing medical service and coverage of medical insurance also impact the personal health of citizens. The article uses method of step regression controlling correhtion variables to test the applicability of Grossman model and stability of mechanism of influencing factors and proposes to accelerate the comprehensive reform framework of the health of citizens from levels of society, economy and system.