面向救灾物资需求特征的自然灾害应急响应

对救灾物资需求的数量、时间、地域、结构和运输特征进行分析,得到自然灾害应急响应下的救灾物资配送方案。通过选择合适的属性指标表达灾区及物资的差异性,并使用多目标规划的方法构建了物资配送模型,实现救灾物资在灾区的合理、公平分配。以玉树地震关键救援期下的救灾物资配送为例检验物资配送模型,结果在灾区紧急指数较高的地区反映了灾区救灾物资的差异性,而在灾区紧急指数较低且相差不大的地区体现了物资配送的公平性。与传统商业物流配送模型的优化结果比较,验证了救灾物资配送模型的有效性与合理性。

Relief Demand Characteristic-oriented Emergency Response in Natural Disasters

Natural disaster relief distribution was obtained by analyzing the characteristics of relief demands' quantity,time,region,structure and transportation.A fuzzy multi-objective optimization method was proposed to achieve proper and fair relief distribution.The diversity of disaster area and relief commodity were addressed by selecting proper attributes.Relief distribution of Yushu earthquake in key rescue period was taken for example.In disaster areas with high urgent index,the optimal results reflect the diversity of disaster area and relief commodity.While in disaster areas with low urgent index,the results show the fairness of relief distribution.The rationality of proposed method was verified by comparing with the results obtained by traditional commercial logistics model.