浙江省2008~2018年人为源氨排放清单及分布特征

以浙江省为研究区域,通过收集11个地级市各类氨排放的活动水平数据,采用排放因子法建立了2008~2018年浙江省人为源氨排放清单,并利用ArcGIS进行1 km×1 km空间网格分配.结果表明,2008~2018年浙江省人为源氨排放量总体呈现下降趋势,年均下降率约3.97%;2018年浙江省氨排放量为108.52 kt,其中农业源为90.02 kt,非农业源为18.50 kt,排放强度为1.03 t ·km^-2;杭州市、嘉兴市和温州市的氨排放量高于其他城市,分别占全省总量的14.72%、11.86%和11.80%;空间分布特征显示,氨排放主要分布在浙江省北部区域,呈现出"北高南低"的排放趋势;不确定性分析表明,氨排放量模拟平均值为108.37 kt,在95%置信区间的不确定度范围为-5.40%~5.60%.

Inventory and Distribution Characteristics of Anthropogenic Ammonia Emissions in Zhejiang Province from 2008 to 2018

As ammonia is the main component of PM_2.5, long time series of ammonia emission characteristics are an important basis for studying the historical causes of PM_2.5 pollution. In this study, the activity data of various anthropogenic ammonia emissions from 11 cities were collected in Zhejiang. The anthropogenic ammonia emissions inventory in Zhejiang was established using emission factors, and then a 1 km×1 km spatial grid distribution was carried out using ArcGIS software. The results showed that from 2008 to 2018, the ammonia emissions from anthropogenic sources in Zhejiang exhibited a downward trend, with an average annual decline rate of approximately 3.97%. The ammonia emissions were 108.52 kt in 2018, and the emission intensity was 1.03 t·km^-2, in which there was 90.02 kt from agricultural sources and 18.50 kt from non-agricultural sources. The ammonia emissions of Hangzhou, Jiaxing, and Wenzhou were higher than those of the other cities, accounting for 14.72%, 11.86%, and 11.80% of the total ammonia emissions, respectively. The spatial distribution characteristics showed that ammonia emissions were mainly distributed in the northern part of Zhejiang, showing an emission trend of "high in the north and low in the south." Uncertainty analysis showed that the simulated average value of ammonia emissions was 108.37 kt, and the uncertainty range in the 95% confidence interval was -5.40%-5.60%.