类二噁英物质及芳香烃受体(AhR)介导的有害结局路径(AOP)研究进展

二噁英及类二噁英物质(dioxin-like compounds,DLCs)是一类高毒性化合物的统称,对其毒理学的研究一直都是备受关注的焦点。已有证据表明,高毒二噁英及DLCs主要通过激活芳香烃受体(aryl hydrocarbon receptor,AhR),进而导致一系列生物毒性。近年来越来越多的新型有机污染物被发现具有类二噁英分子结构并存在潜在生物毒性或活性。与此同时,如何评估二噁英及DLCs对本土生态生物的危害及其风险也受到更多关注。本文综述了近几年发现的新型二噁英物质、二噁英及DLCs的AhR致毒机制、相应的有害结局路径(adverse outcome pathway,AOP)及AOP在指导探索新型物质及物种敏感性方面上的新观点和发现,同时也展望了二噁英及DLCs在生态毒理及风险评估领域的未来研究方向。

Research Progress on Dioxin-like Compounds and AhR-Mediated Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP)

Dioxins and DLCs (dioxin-like compounds, DLCs) are normally considered as a class of highly toxic compounds and their toxicological mechanisms have been extensively studied in the past decades. It is well accepted that all highly toxic dioxins and DLCs exert their toxic and biological interference effects through the binding and activation of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Recently increasing evidences showed that many emerging environmental pollutants had similar structure as dioxins and could potentially induce high toxicity. There is widely regulatory concern that how to efficiently and effectively evaluate the hazard and ecological risk to local species by this large amount of untested chemicals. Here this paper reviewed 1) discovery of emerging dioxin-like pollutants, 2) recent development on the understanding of AhR related toxicological mechanism, 3) development of AhR-mediated adverse outcome pathway (AOP), 4) development of predictive method to assess the AhR mediated toxicity in local species. A perspective was provided on future research direction in the ecotoxicological and risk assessment of dioxins and DLCs.