蚯蚓及其在生态环境保护中的应用

蚯蚓是土壤生态系统中非常重要的生物类群.笔者从环境生态学角度简要介绍了蚯蚓的主要种类、蚯蚓生物学特性、蚯蚓与微生物的关系以及蚯蚓的资源化利用价值.蚯蚓在生态环境保护中重要而特殊的作用主要体现在其在固体废物处理、臭气净化、污水处理等方面的应用以及蚯蚓在环境监测中作为指示生物的重要价值.同时,提出了蚯蚓作为生物指示物进行环境监测的当务之急:应建立严格的标准化试验方法和科学的评价体系;应充分考虑环境条件、污染物的类型、蚓种及其生理状态对监测效用的影响;结合理化监测结果进行综合评价. 

Earthworms and Their Application to Eco-Environmental Protection

Earthworms are biological species of great significance in soil eco-system.The authors have concisely introduced the main species and the biological characteristics of earthworms,and the relationships between earthworms and microorganisms.The important and typical roles of earthworms in the eco-environmental protection are illustrated through their application in the treatment of solid waste,odor and wastewater purification as well as the important function as the indicators of environmental monitoring.Meanwhile,necessary measures to have earthworms as biological indicators for environmental monitoring are proposed,including establishing strict standard testing methods and scientific assessment system,fully considering the impact of environmental conditions,pollutant types,earthworm species and their physiological status on the monitoring effects,and performing comprehensive assessment in combination with physiochemical monitoring results.