公路环境影响评价中几个水环境问题的探讨

对公路项目环境影响评价中存在的几个水环境问题进行了探讨。(1)对公路生活污水源强的计算方法及相关参数的取值进行了分析讨论，认为计算施工营地与公路服务区等附属生活污水源强时，应根据不同地域、不同的卫生设备状况选择不同的用水定额、折减系数及污染物浓度。(2)公路应尽量避绕环境法规禁止通过的区域，如生活饮用水源地一级保护区、自然保护区的核心区和缓冲区等。(3)公路经过环境法规禁止排放污水的区域，如生活饮用水源地二级保护区等区域时，应采取措施限制施工废水及公路附属设施污水的排放，对路面径流排水建议允许做适当处理后排放。

On Problems of Water Environment in Highway EIA

Several water environmental problems in EIA(Environmental Impact Assessment)for highway project were analyzed and discussed.(1)The calculating method for source intension of domestic wastewater related to highway project,and how to determine the parameters value in calculating equations were discussed.In calculating the source intension of domestic wastewater from constructing encampment and affiliated facilities such as highway service area,the water quota,conversion coefficient and pollutants concentration should be selected and determined according to different zones and sanitation conditions.(2)The route should avoid to go across the areas that forbidden to pass by environmental regulations as far as possible,such as the first class protection area for drinking water source,and the core and buffer zones of natural protection areas.(3)When the route passes through the areas that forbidden to discharge sewage,such as the second class protection area for drinking water source,some measures should be taken to limit the discharge of constructing wastewater and highway affiliated facility sewage.It is suggested that road runoff should be allowed to discharge while it is treated properly at these areas.