电气石负载聚氨酯泡沫作为生物载体强化2,4,6-三氯酚还原

2，4，6-三氯酚在环境中广泛分布，是典型的持久性有机污染物.脱卤呼吸菌能还原分解氯酚，使其毒性大大降低，继而被其他微生物氧化分解并矿化.然而脱卤呼吸菌在自然环境中丰度较低，代谢速率慢，对电子利用能力较差，因此传统的生物添加或生物激活等原位修复方法往往导致效能受限，可应用性差.本研究驯化富集了具有稳定厌氧还原脱氯2，4，6-三氯酚能力的混合菌群，在添加乙酸钠（5 mmol·L^-1）和氢气（10 mL）的情况下，在6 d内将2，4，6-三氯酚还原脱卤为4-氯酚.研究采用聚氨酯泡沫作为生物载体材料，在聚氨酯泡沫表面负载电气石，发现在无氢气额外添加的情况下，2，4，6-三氯酚的还原脱氯速率提高了6倍，且脱卤性能稳定.对强化后混菌的群落结构及潜在核心脱氯功能菌属进行分析，16S rRNA测序鉴定结果表明假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas sp.）在混合菌群中的占比超过90%，为体系中的核心脱氯功能菌.本研究为地下水中还原脱卤菌群的应用提供了理论技术.

Reduction of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol reinforced by polyurethane foam loaded tourmaline as a biological carrier

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP) is widely distributed in the environment, which is a typical persistent organic pollutant. Dehalogenated respiring bacteria can reductively decompose chlorophenols, making them much less toxic, and then oxidized and mineralized by other microorganisms. However, dehalogenated respiring bacteria have low abundance, slow metabolic rate and poor electron utilization in the natural environment, so traditional in-situ remediation technologies such as bioaddition or bioactivation often result in limited efficacy and poor applicability. In this study, mixed bacteria with stable anaerobic reduction and dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was domesticated and enriched with the addition of sodium acetate (5 mmol·L^-1) and hydrogen (10 mL), which can reduce and dehalogenate 2,4,6-trichlorophenol to 4-chlorophenol within 6 days. A six-fold increase in the rate of reduction and dechlorination of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol without the addition of hydrogen was observed in the study using polyurethane foam as a biocarrier material and tourmaline loaded on the surface of polyurethane foam, with a stable dehalogenation performance. Then this research focused on the community structure and the potential core dechlorination functional bacteria. The identification results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the bacterium Pseudomonas sp. accounted for more than 90% of the mixed bacteria, which was the core dechlorination functional bacteria in the system. The study provides theoretical techniques for the application of reduced dehalogenated flora in groundwater.